Country

Papua New Guinea

Oceania · capital Port Moresby · lower middle income (World Bank)

Currency kina (PGK) · calling code +675 · internet .pg · drives on the left

Best world rank 2nd water stress, of 176

Where it stands out

rank in the world

Best ranks

  1. Water stress 2nd of 176
  2. Youth unemployment 16th of 181
  3. GHG per capita 21st of 202

Lowest ranks

  1. Tobacco use 161st of 166
  2. Internet use 174th of 182
  3. Electricity access 201st of 213

Compare Papua New Guinea with

Similar Solomon Islands Fiji Vanuatu Samoa Kiribati

Map

Port Moresby: 413.2k (2025)Mendi: 132.9k (2025)Lae: 121.6k (2025)Mount Hagen: 107.2k (2025)Goroka: 95.5k (2025)Madang: 93.3k (2025)Kundiawa: 86.2k (2025)Tari: 65.3k (2025)Ganigle: 59.3k (2025)Hides 4: 56.6k (2025)Wabag: 54.8k (2025)

Boundaries: Natural Earth, simplified · sources and licences

Cities: United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects 2025 (CC BY 3.0 IGO), size by population · sources and licences

Largest cities

11 cities of 50,000+
# City Population 2025 1975 2050*
1 Port Moresby (capital) 413,223 65,180 576,904
2 Mendi 132,879 - 206,086
3 Lae 121,552 61,964 135,778
4 Mount Hagen 107,186 - 179,796
5 Goroka 95,462 - 158,976
6 Madang 93,347 - 140,535
7 Kundiawa 86,187 - 158,709
8 Tari 65,292 - 111,074
9 Ganigle 59,261 - 96,176
10 Hides 4 56,552 - 96,371
Cities as urban centres under the UN Degree of Urbanisation, not municipal boundaries. * UN projection. Source: United Nations, DESA, Population Division (2025). World Urbanization Prospects 2025, CC BY 3.0 IGO. Sources and licences

Over time

vs world and Oceania median

Life expectancy at birth

years · 1960-2024

Papua New Guinea World Oceania median

40 50 60 70 80 1960 Papua New Guinea: 45.81 World: 50.94 Oceania median: 55.15 1961 Papua New Guinea: 46.43 World: 52.8 Oceania median: 55.74 1962 Papua New Guinea: 46.71 World: 55.29 Oceania median: 56.32 1963 Papua New Guinea: 47.67 World: 55.65 Oceania median: 56.86 1964 Papua New Guinea: 48.3 World: 56.1 Oceania median: 56.66 1965 Papua New Guinea: 48.93 World: 55.93 Oceania median: 57.89 1966 Papua New Guinea: 49.57 World: 56.45 Oceania median: 58.23 1967 Papua New Guinea: 50.25 World: 56.9 Oceania median: 58.62 1968 Papua New Guinea: 50.88 World: 57.34 Oceania median: 58.83 1969 Papua New Guinea: 51.52 World: 57.68 Oceania median: 59.31 1970 Papua New Guinea: 52.14 World: 57.94 Oceania median: 60.06 1971 Papua New Guinea: 52.59 World: 58.02 Oceania median: 60.79 1972 Papua New Guinea: 53.25 World: 58.84 Oceania median: 61.36 1973 Papua New Guinea: 53.85 World: 59.3 Oceania median: 60.96 1974 Papua New Guinea: 54.44 World: 59.7 Oceania median: 61.32 1975 Papua New Guinea: 54.98 World: 60.13 Oceania median: 61.69 1976 Papua New Guinea: 55.53 World: 60.45 Oceania median: 62.1 1977 Papua New Guinea: 56.05 World: 61.04 Oceania median: 62.69 1978 Papua New Guinea: 56.52 World: 61.39 Oceania median: 63.07 1979 Papua New Guinea: 56.97 World: 61.84 Oceania median: 63.13 1980 Papua New Guinea: 57.39 World: 62.15 Oceania median: 63.67 1981 Papua New Guinea: 57.76 World: 62.52 Oceania median: 64.08 1982 Papua New Guinea: 58.08 World: 62.87 Oceania median: 64.46 1983 Papua New Guinea: 58.29 World: 63.13 Oceania median: 64.77 1984 Papua New Guinea: 58.58 World: 63.44 Oceania median: 65.05 1985 Papua New Guinea: 58.8 World: 63.73 Oceania median: 65.29 1986 Papua New Guinea: 59.02 World: 64.12 Oceania median: 64.72 1987 Papua New Guinea: 59.23 World: 64.46 Oceania median: 65.68 1988 Papua New Guinea: 59.38 World: 64.67 Oceania median: 65.87 1989 Papua New Guinea: 59.6 World: 64.96 Oceania median: 66.05 1990 Papua New Guinea: 59.78 World: 65.11 Oceania median: 66.68 1991 Papua New Guinea: 59.94 World: 65.3 Oceania median: 67.11 1992 Papua New Guinea: 60.26 World: 65.55 Oceania median: 67.43 1993 Papua New Guinea: 60.47 World: 65.74 Oceania median: 67.72 1994 Papua New Guinea: 60.73 World: 65.96 Oceania median: 67.98 1995 Papua New Guinea: 60.93 World: 66.2 Oceania median: 68.1 1996 Papua New Guinea: 61.07 World: 66.52 Oceania median: 68.18 1997 Papua New Guinea: 61.27 World: 66.83 Oceania median: 68.31 1998 Papua New Guinea: 60.44 World: 67.07 Oceania median: 68.37 1999 Papua New Guinea: 61.51 World: 67.31 Oceania median: 67.92 2000 Papua New Guinea: 61.61 World: 67.65 Oceania median: 68.59 2001 Papua New Guinea: 61.65 World: 67.95 Oceania median: 68.72 2002 Papua New Guinea: 61.64 World: 68.23 Oceania median: 68.84 2003 Papua New Guinea: 61.74 World: 68.52 Oceania median: 68.93 2004 Papua New Guinea: 61.8 World: 68.77 Oceania median: 68.99 2005 Papua New Guinea: 61.87 World: 69.11 Oceania median: 69.17 2006 Papua New Guinea: 62.02 World: 69.47 Oceania median: 69.13 2007 Papua New Guinea: 62.21 World: 69.81 Oceania median: 69.14 2008 Papua New Guinea: 62.51 World: 70 Oceania median: 69.3 2009 Papua New Guinea: 62.77 World: 70.38 Oceania median: 69.42 2010 Papua New Guinea: 63.06 World: 70.68 Oceania median: 69.57 2011 Papua New Guinea: 63.38 World: 70.97 Oceania median: 69.73 2012 Papua New Guinea: 63.64 World: 71.26 Oceania median: 69.9 2013 Papua New Guinea: 63.93 World: 71.53 Oceania median: 69.99 2014 Papua New Guinea: 64.2 World: 71.78 Oceania median: 70.04 2015 Papua New Guinea: 64.47 World: 71.97 Oceania median: 70.16 2016 Papua New Guinea: 64.7 World: 72.19 Oceania median: 70.4 2017 Papua New Guinea: 64.92 World: 72.37 Oceania median: 70.5 2018 Papua New Guinea: 65.11 World: 72.64 Oceania median: 70.63 2019 Papua New Guinea: 65.33 World: 72.87 Oceania median: 70.27 2020 Papua New Guinea: 65.08 World: 72.18 Oceania median: 70.39 2021 Papua New Guinea: 64.36 World: 71.22 Oceania median: 69.95 2022 Papua New Guinea: 65.27 World: 72.97 Oceania median: 71.3 2023 Papua New Guinea: 66.13 World: 73.33 Oceania median: 71.48 2024 Papua New Guinea: 66.26 World: 73.48 Oceania median: 71.65 1960 1980 1990 2000 2024

Fertility rate

1960-2024

Papua New Guinea World Oceania median

2 3 4 5 6 7 1960 Papua New Guinea: 6.02 World: 4.69 Oceania median: 6.36 1961 Papua New Guinea: 6.07 World: 4.56 Oceania median: 6.28 1962 Papua New Guinea: 6.14 World: 5.02 Oceania median: 6.2 1963 Papua New Guinea: 6.15 World: 5.31 Oceania median: 6.15 1964 Papua New Guinea: 6.19 World: 5.13 Oceania median: 6.19 1965 Papua New Guinea: 6.2 World: 5.08 Oceania median: 6.2 1966 Papua New Guinea: 6.23 World: 4.97 Oceania median: 6.23 1967 Papua New Guinea: 6.24 World: 4.87 Oceania median: 6.11 1968 Papua New Guinea: 6.25 World: 4.98 Oceania median: 6.23 1969 Papua New Guinea: 6.26 World: 4.88 Oceania median: 6.12 1970 Papua New Guinea: 6.25 World: 4.84 Oceania median: 5.95 1971 Papua New Guinea: 6.23 World: 4.69 Oceania median: 5.77 1972 Papua New Guinea: 6.2 World: 4.55 Oceania median: 5.52 1973 Papua New Guinea: 6.16 World: 4.42 Oceania median: 5.3 1974 Papua New Guinea: 6.11 World: 4.26 Oceania median: 5.14 1975 Papua New Guinea: 6.07 World: 4.07 Oceania median: 5.01 1976 Papua New Guinea: 6.02 World: 3.97 Oceania median: 4.93 1977 Papua New Guinea: 5.96 World: 3.84 Oceania median: 4.83 1978 Papua New Guinea: 5.88 World: 3.77 Oceania median: 4.43 1979 Papua New Guinea: 5.79 World: 3.76 Oceania median: 4.08 1980 Papua New Guinea: 5.71 World: 3.73 Oceania median: 4.04 1981 Papua New Guinea: 5.65 World: 3.71 Oceania median: 3.99 1982 Papua New Guinea: 5.59 World: 3.72 Oceania median: 3.99 1983 Papua New Guinea: 5.56 World: 3.59 Oceania median: 4.06 1984 Papua New Guinea: 5.51 World: 3.57 Oceania median: 4.11 1985 Papua New Guinea: 5.47 World: 3.53 Oceania median: 4.14 1986 Papua New Guinea: 5.42 World: 3.51 Oceania median: 4.15 1987 Papua New Guinea: 5.36 World: 3.48 Oceania median: 4.14 1988 Papua New Guinea: 5.3 World: 3.39 Oceania median: 4.11 1989 Papua New Guinea: 5.24 World: 3.35 Oceania median: 4.07 1990 Papua New Guinea: 5.18 World: 3.31 Oceania median: 4.02 1991 Papua New Guinea: 5.11 World: 3.13 Oceania median: 3.99 1992 Papua New Guinea: 5.03 World: 3.04 Oceania median: 3.95 1993 Papua New Guinea: 4.96 World: 2.97 Oceania median: 3.92 1994 Papua New Guinea: 4.87 World: 2.92 Oceania median: 3.92 1995 Papua New Guinea: 4.78 World: 2.87 Oceania median: 3.96 1996 Papua New Guinea: 4.73 World: 2.82 Oceania median: 3.94 1997 Papua New Guinea: 4.68 World: 2.78 Oceania median: 3.89 1998 Papua New Guinea: 4.63 World: 2.75 Oceania median: 3.88 1999 Papua New Guinea: 4.59 World: 2.72 Oceania median: 3.89 2000 Papua New Guinea: 4.53 World: 2.73 Oceania median: 3.84 2001 Papua New Guinea: 4.47 World: 2.69 Oceania median: 3.75 2002 Papua New Guinea: 4.42 World: 2.66 Oceania median: 3.64 2003 Papua New Guinea: 4.36 World: 2.64 Oceania median: 3.58 2004 Papua New Guinea: 4.28 World: 2.63 Oceania median: 3.55 2005 Papua New Guinea: 4.22 World: 2.61 Oceania median: 3.55 2006 Papua New Guinea: 4.15 World: 2.61 Oceania median: 3.51 2007 Papua New Guinea: 4.08 World: 2.6 Oceania median: 3.45 2008 Papua New Guinea: 4.02 World: 2.6 Oceania median: 3.42 2009 Papua New Guinea: 3.94 World: 2.59 Oceania median: 3.36 2010 Papua New Guinea: 3.88 World: 2.57 Oceania median: 3.29 2011 Papua New Guinea: 3.82 World: 2.55 Oceania median: 3.22 2012 Papua New Guinea: 3.75 World: 2.56 Oceania median: 3.33 2013 Papua New Guinea: 3.68 World: 2.53 Oceania median: 3.25 2014 Papua New Guinea: 3.63 World: 2.52 Oceania median: 3.18 2015 Papua New Guinea: 3.56 World: 2.49 Oceania median: 3.13 2016 Papua New Guinea: 3.5 World: 2.49 Oceania median: 3.09 2017 Papua New Guinea: 3.43 World: 2.46 Oceania median: 3.06 2018 Papua New Guinea: 3.38 World: 2.39 Oceania median: 3 2019 Papua New Guinea: 3.32 World: 2.35 Oceania median: 2.94 2020 Papua New Guinea: 3.27 World: 2.28 Oceania median: 2.9 2021 Papua New Guinea: 3.22 World: 2.25 Oceania median: 2.86 2022 Papua New Guinea: 3.17 World: 2.22 Oceania median: 2.82 2023 Papua New Guinea: 3.1 World: 2.2 Oceania median: 2.78 2024 Papua New Guinea: 3.07 World: 2.19 Oceania median: 2.75 1960 1980 1990 2000 2024

GDP per capita

US$ · 1967-2025

Papua New Guinea World Oceania median

0 5,000 10k 15k 1967 Papua New Guinea: 188.97 World: 664.4 Oceania median: 1,826.17 1968 Papua New Guinea: 202.94 World: 703.46 Oceania median: 1,902.42 1969 Papua New Guinea: 225.29 World: 761.11 Oceania median: 2,096.93 1970 Papua New Guinea: 257.65 World: 817.68 Oceania median: 456.64 1971 Papua New Guinea: 279.67 World: 884.88 Oceania median: 467.88 1972 Papua New Guinea: 326.72 World: 1,002 Oceania median: 548.37 1973 Papua New Guinea: 482.82 World: 1,201.53 Oceania median: 681.13 1974 Papua New Guinea: 533.09 World: 1,362.19 Oceania median: 1,057.8 1975 Papua New Guinea: 481.95 World: 1,488.94 Oceania median: 730.44 1976 Papua New Guinea: 525.43 World: 1,589.73 Oceania median: 677.97 1977 Papua New Guinea: 558.02 World: 1,766.28 Oceania median: 724.22 1978 Papua New Guinea: 648.49 World: 2,055.49 Oceania median: 770.92 1979 Papua New Guinea: 747.8 World: 2,335.19 Oceania median: 957.01 1980 Papua New Guinea: 812.96 World: 2,587.01 Oceania median: 957.87 1981 Papua New Guinea: 781.41 World: 2,628.62 Oceania median: 965.54 1982 Papua New Guinea: 725.65 World: 2,554.08 Oceania median: 1,009.62 1983 Papua New Guinea: 768.64 World: 2,561.17 Oceania median: 1,096.29 1984 Papua New Guinea: 749.64 World: 2,614.33 Oceania median: 1,190.78 1985 Papua New Guinea: 696.57 World: 2,690.59 Oceania median: 1,149.15 1986 Papua New Guinea: 744.91 World: 3,118.57 Oceania median: 1,320.66 1987 Papua New Guinea: 865.47 World: 3,487.88 Oceania median: 1,386.54 1988 Papua New Guinea: 984.99 World: 3,829.99 Oceania median: 1,373.67 1989 Papua New Guinea: 934.25 World: 3,930.51 Oceania median: 1,454.46 1990 Papua New Guinea: 826.32 World: 4,338.94 Oceania median: 1,593.99 1991 Papua New Guinea: 941.71 World: 4,453.9 Oceania median: 1,696.22 1992 Papua New Guinea: 1,050.71 World: 4,679.98 Oceania median: 1,825.29 1993 Papua New Guinea: 1,151.28 World: 4,685.3 Oceania median: 1,961.56 1994 Papua New Guinea: 1,228.24 World: 4,967.01 Oceania median: 2,110.87 1995 Papua New Guinea: 998.23 World: 5,463.2 Oceania median: 2,275.39 1996 Papua New Guinea: 1,071.04 World: 5,507.22 Oceania median: 2,243.88 1997 Papua New Guinea: 989.72 World: 5,408.57 Oceania median: 2,183.14 1998 Papua New Guinea: 733.48 World: 5,302.34 Oceania median: 1,977.26 1999 Papua New Guinea: 649.99 World: 5,401.23 Oceania median: 2,105.03 2000 Papua New Guinea: 635.96 World: 5,512.56 Oceania median: 2,022.53 2001 Papua New Guinea: 537.85 World: 5,404.2 Oceania median: 2,024.37 2002 Papua New Guinea: 506.33 World: 5,539.32 Oceania median: 2,136.57 2003 Papua New Guinea: 577.47 World: 6,129.87 Oceania median: 2,539.33 2004 Papua New Guinea: 620.6 World: 6,818 Oceania median: 3,040.51 2005 Papua New Guinea: 744.49 World: 7,290.57 Oceania median: 2,992.4 2006 Papua New Guinea: 1,238.18 World: 7,803.19 Oceania median: 2,910.14 2007 Papua New Guinea: 1,370.75 World: 8,685.33 Oceania median: 3,038.62 2008 Papua New Guinea: 1,624.79 World: 9,425.74 Oceania median: 3,756.85 2009 Papua New Guinea: 1,568.83 World: 8,827.04 Oceania median: 3,279.18 2010 Papua New Guinea: 1,866.87 World: 9,555.07 Oceania median: 3,524.25 2011 Papua New Guinea: 2,288.38 World: 10,496.93 Oceania median: 4,139.6 2012 Papua New Guinea: 2,635.09 World: 10,597.85 Oceania median: 4,384.17 2013 Papua New Guinea: 2,560.77 World: 10,759.35 Oceania median: 4,572.44 2014 Papua New Guinea: 2,723.18 World: 10,912.24 Oceania median: 5,293.36 2015 Papua New Guinea: 2,484.6 World: 10,191.98 Oceania median: 5,097.53 2016 Papua New Guinea: 2,316.39 World: 10,239.47 Oceania median: 5,363.79 2017 Papua New Guinea: 2,477.77 World: 10,784.4 Oceania median: 5,826.85 2018 Papua New Guinea: 2,566.37 World: 11,344.73 Oceania median: 6,085.42 2019 Papua New Guinea: 2,575.77 World: 11,417.6 Oceania median: 5,842.07 2020 Papua New Guinea: 2,429.61 World: 10,999.49 Oceania median: 5,661.97 2021 Papua New Guinea: 2,607.98 World: 12,472.91 Oceania median: 6,315.31 2022 Papua New Guinea: 3,102.29 World: 12,876.24 Oceania median: 6,455.66 2023 Papua New Guinea: 2,966.06 World: 13,313.86 Oceania median: 5,788.9 2024 Papua New Guinea: 2,912.49 World: 13,717.09 Oceania median: 6,320.57 2025 Papua New Guinea: 3,019.53 World: 14,405.85 Oceania median: 6,294.32 1967 1985 1994 2003 2025

Unemployment rate (modelled ILO estimate)

% · 1991-2025

Papua New Guinea World Oceania median

2 4 6 8 1991 Papua New Guinea: 2.79 World: 5.12 Oceania median: 4.62 1992 Papua New Guinea: 2.61 World: 5.28 Oceania median: 4.64 1993 Papua New Guinea: 2.38 World: 5.54 Oceania median: 5.53 1994 Papua New Guinea: 2.42 World: 5.79 Oceania median: 7.6 1995 Papua New Guinea: 2.6 World: 5.92 Oceania median: 6.46 1996 Papua New Guinea: 2.73 World: 5.98 Oceania median: 6.29 1997 Papua New Guinea: 2.85 World: 6.01 Oceania median: 6.86 1998 Papua New Guinea: 2.86 World: 6.16 Oceania median: 7.68 1999 Papua New Guinea: 2.94 World: 6.28 Oceania median: 6.88 2000 Papua New Guinea: 2.92 World: 6.11 Oceania median: 6.13 2001 Papua New Guinea: 2.8 World: 6.19 Oceania median: 5.43 2002 Papua New Guinea: 2.76 World: 6.41 Oceania median: 5.28 2003 Papua New Guinea: 2.63 World: 6.48 Oceania median: 5.18 2004 Papua New Guinea: 2.53 World: 6.33 Oceania median: 5.16 2005 Papua New Guinea: 2.39 World: 6.22 Oceania median: 5.04 2006 Papua New Guinea: 2.29 World: 5.97 Oceania median: 4.79 2007 Papua New Guinea: 2.17 World: 5.77 Oceania median: 4.38 2008 Papua New Guinea: 2.17 World: 5.82 Oceania median: 4.24 2009 Papua New Guinea: 2.09 World: 6.41 Oceania median: 5.57 2010 Papua New Guinea: 2 World: 6.28 Oceania median: 5.21 2011 Papua New Guinea: 2.62 World: 6.15 Oceania median: 5.08 2012 Papua New Guinea: 2.63 World: 6.15 Oceania median: 5.23 2013 Papua New Guinea: 2.7 World: 6.1 Oceania median: 5.66 2014 Papua New Guinea: 2.54 World: 5.96 Oceania median: 5.43 2015 Papua New Guinea: 2.51 World: 6 Oceania median: 5.42 2016 Papua New Guinea: 2.48 World: 5.97 Oceania median: 5.2 2017 Papua New Guinea: 2.58 World: 5.9 Oceania median: 5.25 2018 Papua New Guinea: 2.65 World: 5.76 Oceania median: 5.35 2019 Papua New Guinea: 2.65 World: 5.59 Oceania median: 5.14 2020 Papua New Guinea: 2.9 World: 6.59 Oceania median: 5.05 2021 Papua New Guinea: 3.03 World: 6.05 Oceania median: 5.02 2022 Papua New Guinea: 2.69 World: 5.23 Oceania median: 5.05 2023 Papua New Guinea: 2.65 World: 4.85 Oceania median: 4.92 2024 Papua New Guinea: 2.63 World: 4.81 Oceania median: 4.86 2025 Papua New Guinea: 2.57 World: 4.79 Oceania median: 5.07 1991 2001 2006 2011 2016 2025

Individuals using the internet

% · 2005-2024

Papua New Guinea World Oceania median

0 20 40 60 80 2005 Papua New Guinea: 1.72 World: 15.6 Oceania median: 8.3 2006 Papua New Guinea: 1.75 World: 17.2 Oceania median: 9.1 2007 Papua New Guinea: 1.79 World: 20.2 Oceania median: 10 2008 Papua New Guinea: 1.15 World: 22.8 Oceania median: 11.2 2009 Papua New Guinea: 1.61 World: 25.3 Oceania median: 12.8 2010 Papua New Guinea: 1.28 World: 28.4 Oceania median: 16 2011 Papua New Guinea: 2 World: 30.9 Oceania median: 23.9 2012 Papua New Guinea: 3.5 World: 33.3 Oceania median: 25.97 2013 Papua New Guinea: 5.1 World: 35.3 Oceania median: 27.8 2014 Papua New Guinea: 6.5 World: 37.4 Oceania median: 29.65 2015 Papua New Guinea: 7.9 World: 39.9 Oceania median: 35.08 2016 Papua New Guinea: 9.6 World: 43.6 Oceania median: 36.65 2017 Papua New Guinea: 11.21 World: 46.3 Oceania median: 49.92 2018 Papua New Guinea: 12.36 World: 49.4 Oceania median: 43.88 2019 Papua New Guinea: 13.62 World: 53.9 Oceania median: 50.66 2020 Papua New Guinea: 15.02 World: 60.1 Oceania median: 55.45 2021 Papua New Guinea: 16.56 World: 63.8 Oceania median: 67.09 2022 Papua New Guinea: 18.26 World: 67 Oceania median: 72.57 2023 Papua New Guinea: 18.56 World: 69.2 Oceania median: 74.12 2024 Papua New Guinea: 18.81 World: 71.2 Oceania median: 74.71 2005 2011 2014 2017 2024

CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding land use)

t · 1970-2024

Papua New Guinea World Oceania median

0 1 2 3 4 5 1970 Papua New Guinea: 0.45 World: 4.14 Oceania median: 0.37 1971 Papua New Guinea: 0.44 World: 4.04 Oceania median: 0.36 1972 Papua New Guinea: 0.46 World: 4.16 Oceania median: 0.38 1973 Papua New Guinea: 0.54 World: 4.32 Oceania median: 0.45 1974 Papua New Guinea: 0.65 World: 4.23 Oceania median: 0.53 1975 Papua New Guinea: 0.52 World: 4.14 Oceania median: 0.43 1976 Papua New Guinea: 0.5 World: 4.31 Oceania median: 0.41 1977 Papua New Guinea: 0.52 World: 4.36 Oceania median: 0.42 1978 Papua New Guinea: 0.5 World: 4.42 Oceania median: 0.42 1979 Papua New Guinea: 0.53 World: 4.46 Oceania median: 0.45 1980 Papua New Guinea: 0.56 World: 4.33 Oceania median: 0.48 1981 Papua New Guinea: 0.54 World: 4.18 Oceania median: 0.54 1982 Papua New Guinea: 0.52 World: 4.05 Oceania median: 0.5 1983 Papua New Guinea: 0.51 World: 4.01 Oceania median: 0.51 1984 Papua New Guinea: 0.52 World: 4.07 Oceania median: 0.46 1985 Papua New Guinea: 0.56 World: 4.05 Oceania median: 0.44 1986 Papua New Guinea: 0.48 World: 4.04 Oceania median: 0.34 1987 Papua New Guinea: 0.6 World: 4.1 Oceania median: 0.57 1988 Papua New Guinea: 0.55 World: 4.16 Oceania median: 0.55 1989 Papua New Guinea: 0.54 World: 4.16 Oceania median: 0.54 1990 Papua New Guinea: 0.55 World: 4.15 Oceania median: 0.55 1991 Papua New Guinea: 0.55 World: 4.1 Oceania median: 0.55 1992 Papua New Guinea: 0.6 World: 4.01 Oceania median: 0.51 1993 Papua New Guinea: 0.59 World: 3.97 Oceania median: 0.5 1994 Papua New Guinea: 0.56 World: 3.94 Oceania median: 0.5 1995 Papua New Guinea: 0.53 World: 3.99 Oceania median: 0.44 1996 Papua New Guinea: 0.52 World: 4.01 Oceania median: 0.43 1997 Papua New Guinea: 0.53 World: 4.02 Oceania median: 0.43 1998 Papua New Guinea: 0.64 World: 3.98 Oceania median: 0.43 1999 Papua New Guinea: 0.5 World: 3.95 Oceania median: 0.42 2000 Papua New Guinea: 0.53 World: 4.01 Oceania median: 0.53 2001 Papua New Guinea: 0.62 World: 4.01 Oceania median: 0.57 2002 Papua New Guinea: 0.69 World: 4.02 Oceania median: 0.59 2003 Papua New Guinea: 0.74 World: 4.15 Oceania median: 0.6 2004 Papua New Guinea: 0.76 World: 4.28 Oceania median: 0.6 2005 Papua New Guinea: 0.8 World: 4.39 Oceania median: 0.63 2006 Papua New Guinea: 0.79 World: 4.48 Oceania median: 0.66 2007 Papua New Guinea: 0.76 World: 4.59 Oceania median: 0.65 2008 Papua New Guinea: 0.71 World: 4.56 Oceania median: 0.66 2009 Papua New Guinea: 0.67 World: 4.45 Oceania median: 0.63 2010 Papua New Guinea: 0.55 World: 4.67 Oceania median: 0.65 2011 Papua New Guinea: 0.57 World: 4.76 Oceania median: 0.67 2012 Papua New Guinea: 0.53 World: 4.77 Oceania median: 0.59 2013 Papua New Guinea: 0.55 World: 4.81 Oceania median: 0.59 2014 Papua New Guinea: 0.65 World: 4.78 Oceania median: 0.65 2015 Papua New Guinea: 0.68 World: 4.7 Oceania median: 0.6 2016 Papua New Guinea: 0.74 World: 4.65 Oceania median: 0.61 2017 Papua New Guinea: 0.63 World: 4.67 Oceania median: 0.6 2018 Papua New Guinea: 0.52 World: 4.73 Oceania median: 0.62 2019 Papua New Guinea: 0.52 World: 4.7 Oceania median: 0.61 2020 Papua New Guinea: 0.56 World: 4.47 Oceania median: 0.58 2021 Papua New Guinea: 0.54 World: 4.68 Oceania median: 0.63 2022 Papua New Guinea: 0.54 World: 4.67 Oceania median: 0.58 2023 Papua New Guinea: 0.53 World: 4.68 Oceania median: 0.57 2024 Papua New Guinea: 0.52 World: 4.69 Oceania median: 0.59 1970 1986 1994 2002 2010 2024

Population outlook

UN World Population Prospects
Population, 2026
10.9 mn
2050: 14.9 mn · 2100: 18.6 mn
peak 18.6 mn in 2100
Median age
23.0 years
2050: 28.5 years
Aged 65 and over
3.7 %
2050: 7.4 %
Dependency ratio
58
per 100 aged 15-64 · 2050: 50

Age structure

% of population · men left, women right
100+, men: 0.00% 100+, women: 0.00%100+ 95-99, men: 0.00% 95-99, women: 0.00% 90-94, men: 0.00% 90-94, women: 0.00%90-94 85-89, men: 0.01% 85-89, women: 0.01% 80-84, men: 0.03% 80-84, women: 0.03%80-84 75-79, men: 0.08% 75-79, women: 0.07% 70-74, men: 0.17% 70-74, women: 0.14%70-74 65-69, men: 0.30% 65-69, women: 0.23% 60-64, men: 0.47% 60-64, women: 0.33%60-64 55-59, men: 0.67% 55-59, women: 0.44% 50-54, men: 0.94% 50-54, women: 0.60%50-54 45-49, men: 1.54% 45-49, women: 1.08% 40-44, men: 2.36% 40-44, women: 1.76%40-44 35-39, men: 3.35% 35-39, women: 2.62% 30-34, men: 4.36% 30-34, women: 3.59%30-34 25-29, men: 5.26% 25-29, women: 4.49% 20-24, men: 5.94% 20-24, women: 5.17%20-24 15-19, men: 6.35% 15-19, women: 5.62% 10-14, men: 6.52% 10-14, women: 5.80%10-14 5-9, men: 7.01% 5-9, women: 6.14% 0-4, men: 8.72% 0-4, women: 7.76%0-4 Men Women 100+, men: 0.00% 100+, women: 0.00%100+ 95-99, men: 0.00% 95-99, women: 0.00% 90-94, men: 0.01% 90-94, women: 0.01%90-94 85-89, men: 0.02% 85-89, women: 0.02% 80-84, men: 0.04% 80-84, women: 0.03%80-84 75-79, men: 0.08% 75-79, women: 0.03% 70-74, men: 0.18% 70-74, women: 0.09%70-74 65-69, men: 0.36% 65-69, women: 0.23% 60-64, men: 0.70% 60-64, women: 0.53%60-64 55-59, men: 1.21% 55-59, women: 1.02% 50-54, men: 1.70% 50-54, women: 1.55%50-54 45-49, men: 2.09% 45-49, women: 1.99% 40-44, men: 2.49% 40-44, women: 2.41%40-44 35-39, men: 2.88% 35-39, women: 2.83% 30-34, men: 3.31% 30-34, women: 3.27%30-34 25-29, men: 3.80% 25-29, women: 3.58% 20-24, men: 4.37% 20-24, women: 3.83%20-24 15-19, men: 5.51% 15-19, women: 4.31% 10-14, men: 7.02% 10-14, women: 5.71%10-14 5-9, men: 8.05% 5-9, women: 7.18% 0-4, men: 9.08% 0-4, women: 8.49%0-4 Men Women 100+, men: 0.00% 100+, women: 0.00%100+ 95-99, men: 0.00% 95-99, women: 0.00% 90-94, men: 0.01% 90-94, women: 0.01%90-94 85-89, men: 0.04% 85-89, women: 0.02% 80-84, men: 0.09% 80-84, women: 0.07%80-84 75-79, men: 0.20% 75-79, women: 0.17% 70-74, men: 0.37% 70-74, women: 0.34%70-74 65-69, men: 0.62% 65-69, women: 0.57% 60-64, men: 0.89% 60-64, women: 0.83%60-64 55-59, men: 1.18% 55-59, women: 1.07% 50-54, men: 1.53% 50-54, women: 1.33%50-54 45-49, men: 1.97% 45-49, women: 1.73% 40-44, men: 2.65% 40-44, women: 2.28%40-44 35-39, men: 3.31% 35-39, women: 2.99% 30-34, men: 3.71% 30-34, women: 3.64%30-34 25-29, men: 4.20% 25-29, women: 4.21% 20-24, men: 4.83% 20-24, women: 4.65%20-24 15-19, men: 5.48% 15-19, women: 5.04% 10-14, men: 6.29% 10-14, women: 5.60%10-14 5-9, men: 6.92% 5-9, women: 6.16% 0-4, men: 7.80% 0-4, women: 7.22%0-4 Men Women 100+, men: 0.00% 100+, women: 0.00%100+ 95-99, men: 0.00% 95-99, women: 0.00% 90-94, men: 0.01% 90-94, women: 0.01%90-94 85-89, men: 0.04% 85-89, women: 0.05% 80-84, men: 0.12% 80-84, women: 0.13%80-84 75-79, men: 0.28% 75-79, women: 0.28% 70-74, men: 0.53% 70-74, women: 0.51%70-74 65-69, men: 0.92% 65-69, women: 0.84% 60-64, men: 1.34% 60-64, women: 1.26%60-64 55-59, men: 1.71% 55-59, women: 1.69% 50-54, men: 2.12% 50-54, women: 2.16%50-54 45-49, men: 2.52% 45-49, women: 2.61% 40-44, men: 2.97% 40-44, women: 3.05%40-44 35-39, men: 3.53% 35-39, women: 3.48% 30-34, men: 3.97% 30-34, women: 3.74%30-34 25-29, men: 4.38% 25-29, women: 4.02% 20-24, men: 4.80% 20-24, women: 4.34%20-24 15-19, men: 5.14% 15-19, women: 4.68% 10-14, men: 5.45% 10-14, women: 5.04%10-14 5-9, men: 5.69% 5-9, women: 5.31% 0-4, men: 5.85% 0-4, women: 5.46%0-4 Men Women 100+, men: 0.00% 100+, women: 0.00%100+ 95-99, men: 0.00% 95-99, women: 0.00% 90-94, men: 0.02% 90-94, women: 0.04%90-94 85-89, men: 0.08% 85-89, women: 0.15% 80-84, men: 0.24% 80-84, women: 0.40%80-84 75-79, men: 0.52% 75-79, women: 0.78% 70-74, men: 0.89% 70-74, women: 1.22%70-74 65-69, men: 1.34% 65-69, women: 1.67% 60-64, men: 1.87% 60-64, women: 2.10%60-64 55-59, men: 2.35% 55-59, women: 2.40% 50-54, men: 2.76% 50-54, women: 2.66%50-54 45-49, men: 3.14% 45-49, women: 2.94% 40-44, men: 3.46% 40-44, women: 3.22%40-44 35-39, men: 3.76% 35-39, women: 3.52% 30-34, men: 3.98% 30-34, women: 3.76%30-34 25-29, men: 4.15% 25-29, women: 3.92% 20-24, men: 4.24% 20-24, women: 3.99%20-24 15-19, men: 4.32% 15-19, women: 4.06% 10-14, men: 4.41% 10-14, women: 4.14%10-14 5-9, men: 4.49% 5-9, women: 4.21% 0-4, men: 4.55% 0-4, women: 4.26%0-4 Men Women 100+, men: 0.00% 100+, women: 0.00%100+ 95-99, men: 0.01% 95-99, women: 0.02% 90-94, men: 0.04% 90-94, women: 0.12%90-94 85-89, men: 0.17% 85-89, women: 0.37% 80-84, men: 0.44% 80-84, women: 0.78%80-84 75-79, men: 0.87% 75-79, women: 1.26% 70-74, men: 1.40% 70-74, women: 1.74%70-74 65-69, men: 1.94% 65-69, women: 2.18% 60-64, men: 2.45% 60-64, women: 2.58%60-64 55-59, men: 2.86% 55-59, women: 2.90% 50-54, men: 3.15% 50-54, women: 3.11%50-54 45-49, men: 3.34% 45-49, women: 3.23% 40-44, men: 3.49% 40-44, women: 3.34%40-44 35-39, men: 3.62% 35-39, women: 3.45% 30-34, men: 3.73% 30-34, women: 3.53%30-34 25-29, men: 3.80% 25-29, women: 3.59% 20-24, men: 3.82% 20-24, women: 3.59%20-24 15-19, men: 3.80% 15-19, women: 3.56% 10-14, men: 3.77% 10-14, women: 3.53%10-14 5-9, men: 3.74% 5-9, women: 3.50% 0-4, men: 3.71% 0-4, women: 3.47%0-4 Men Women 100+, men: 0.00% 100+, women: 0.01%100+ 95-99, men: 0.02% 95-99, women: 0.06% 90-94, men: 0.09% 90-94, women: 0.25%90-94 85-89, men: 0.32% 85-89, women: 0.67% 80-84, men: 0.73% 80-84, women: 1.25%80-84 75-79, men: 1.28% 75-79, women: 1.82% 70-74, men: 1.83% 70-74, women: 2.28%70-74 65-69, men: 2.34% 65-69, women: 2.64% 60-64, men: 2.77% 60-64, women: 2.91%60-64 55-59, men: 3.09% 55-59, women: 3.10% 50-54, men: 3.31% 50-54, women: 3.22%50-54 45-49, men: 3.42% 45-49, women: 3.29% 40-44, men: 3.48% 40-44, women: 3.31%40-44 35-39, men: 3.49% 35-39, women: 3.30% 30-34, men: 3.49% 30-34, women: 3.29%30-34 25-29, men: 3.48% 25-29, women: 3.26% 20-24, men: 3.45% 20-24, women: 3.23%20-24 15-19, men: 3.40% 15-19, women: 3.17% 10-14, men: 3.34% 10-14, women: 3.12%10-14 5-9, men: 3.27% 5-9, women: 3.04% 0-4, men: 3.19% 0-4, women: 2.97%0-4 Men Women

* UN projection, medium variant. Scale is the same for all years.

Population, 1950-2100

millions
0 5 10 15 20 1950 Population: 1.54 1951 Population: 1.57 1952 Population: 1.61 1953 Population: 1.65 1954 Population: 1.69 1955 Population: 1.74 1956 Population: 1.79 1957 Population: 1.84 1958 Population: 1.89 1959 Population: 1.94 1960 Population: 2 1961 Population: 2.05 1962 Population: 2.09 1963 Population: 2.14 1964 Population: 2.19 1965 Population: 2.24 1966 Population: 2.29 1967 Population: 2.34 1968 Population: 2.39 1969 Population: 2.45 1970 Population: 2.51 1971 Population: 2.57 1972 Population: 2.63 1973 Population: 2.69 1974 Population: 2.75 1975 Population: 2.81 1976 Population: 2.88 1977 Population: 2.94 1978 Population: 3 1979 Population: 3.07 1980 Population: 3.13 1981 Population: 3.2 1982 Population: 3.26 1983 Population: 3.33 1984 Population: 3.41 1985 Population: 3.48 1986 Population: 3.55 1987 Population: 3.63 1988 Population: 3.71 1989 Population: 3.8 1990 Population: 3.9 1991 Population: 4.02 1992 Population: 4.17 1993 Population: 4.32 1994 Population: 4.48 1995 Population: 4.64 1996 Population: 4.81 1997 Population: 4.99 1998 Population: 5.17 1999 Population: 5.35 2000 Population: 5.54 2001 Population: 5.73 2002 Population: 5.92 2003 Population: 6.12 2004 Population: 6.33 2005 Population: 6.54 2006 Population: 6.75 2007 Population: 6.96 2008 Population: 7.18 2009 Population: 7.41 2010 Population: 7.63 2011 Population: 7.86 2012 Population: 8.08 2013 Population: 8.3 2014 Population: 8.52 2015 Population: 8.74 2016 Population: 8.96 2017 Population: 9.18 2018 Population: 9.39 2019 Population: 9.61 2020 Population: 9.82 2021 Population: 10.01 2022 Population: 10.2 2023 Population: 10.39 2024 Population: 10.58 2025 Population: 10.76 2026 Population: 10.95 2027 Population: 11.13 2028 Population: 11.31 2029 Population: 11.49 2030 Population: 11.67 2031 Population: 11.85 2032 Population: 12.02 2033 Population: 12.2 2034 Population: 12.37 2035 Population: 12.54 2036 Population: 12.71 2037 Population: 12.88 2038 Population: 13.05 2039 Population: 13.21 2040 Population: 13.38 2041 Population: 13.54 2042 Population: 13.7 2043 Population: 13.85 2044 Population: 14.01 2045 Population: 14.17 2046 Population: 14.32 2047 Population: 14.47 2048 Population: 14.62 2049 Population: 14.76 2050 Population: 14.91 2051 Population: 15.05 2052 Population: 15.18 2053 Population: 15.32 2054 Population: 15.45 2055 Population: 15.58 2056 Population: 15.71 2057 Population: 15.83 2058 Population: 15.95 2059 Population: 16.07 2060 Population: 16.18 2061 Population: 16.3 2062 Population: 16.4 2063 Population: 16.51 2064 Population: 16.61 2065 Population: 16.72 2066 Population: 16.82 2067 Population: 16.91 2068 Population: 17.01 2069 Population: 17.1 2070 Population: 17.19 2071 Population: 17.27 2072 Population: 17.35 2073 Population: 17.43 2074 Population: 17.51 2075 Population: 17.58 2076 Population: 17.65 2077 Population: 17.72 2078 Population: 17.78 2079 Population: 17.85 2080 Population: 17.91 2081 Population: 17.97 2082 Population: 18.03 2083 Population: 18.09 2084 Population: 18.14 2085 Population: 18.19 2086 Population: 18.24 2087 Population: 18.28 2088 Population: 18.33 2089 Population: 18.37 2090 Population: 18.41 2091 Population: 18.44 2092 Population: 18.48 2093 Population: 18.51 2094 Population: 18.54 2095 Population: 18.56 2096 Population: 18.58 2097 Population: 18.6 2098 Population: 18.62 2099 Population: 18.63 2100 Population: 18.64 1950 1994 2016 2038 2060 2100

Median age, 1950-2100

years
15 20 25 30 35 40 1950 Median age: 17.33 1951 Median age: 17.5 1952 Median age: 17.63 1953 Median age: 17.72 1954 Median age: 17.78 1955 Median age: 17.81 1956 Median age: 17.79 1957 Median age: 17.75 1958 Median age: 17.67 1959 Median age: 17.57 1960 Median age: 17.45 1961 Median age: 17.32 1962 Median age: 17.19 1963 Median age: 17.07 1964 Median age: 16.95 1965 Median age: 16.82 1966 Median age: 16.69 1967 Median age: 16.55 1968 Median age: 16.43 1969 Median age: 16.3 1970 Median age: 16.19 1971 Median age: 16.07 1972 Median age: 16.01 1973 Median age: 16.01 1974 Median age: 16.05 1975 Median age: 16.13 1976 Median age: 16.23 1977 Median age: 16.36 1978 Median age: 16.51 1979 Median age: 16.68 1980 Median age: 16.88 1981 Median age: 17.01 1982 Median age: 17.1 1983 Median age: 17.18 1984 Median age: 17.26 1985 Median age: 17.34 1986 Median age: 17.4 1987 Median age: 17.46 1988 Median age: 17.52 1989 Median age: 17.57 1990 Median age: 17.64 1991 Median age: 17.74 1992 Median age: 17.85 1993 Median age: 17.97 1994 Median age: 18.08 1995 Median age: 18.2 1996 Median age: 18.32 1997 Median age: 18.44 1998 Median age: 18.55 1999 Median age: 18.65 2000 Median age: 18.75 2001 Median age: 18.85 2002 Median age: 18.94 2003 Median age: 19.04 2004 Median age: 19.15 2005 Median age: 19.27 2006 Median age: 19.39 2007 Median age: 19.52 2008 Median age: 19.66 2009 Median age: 19.82 2010 Median age: 19.98 2011 Median age: 20.14 2012 Median age: 20.3 2013 Median age: 20.46 2014 Median age: 20.63 2015 Median age: 20.8 2016 Median age: 20.98 2017 Median age: 21.17 2018 Median age: 21.35 2019 Median age: 21.54 2020 Median age: 21.74 2021 Median age: 21.93 2022 Median age: 22.13 2023 Median age: 22.34 2024 Median age: 22.57 2025 Median age: 22.79 2026 Median age: 23.01 2027 Median age: 23.24 2028 Median age: 23.47 2029 Median age: 23.7 2030 Median age: 23.93 2031 Median age: 24.16 2032 Median age: 24.4 2033 Median age: 24.63 2034 Median age: 24.86 2035 Median age: 25.09 2036 Median age: 25.32 2037 Median age: 25.56 2038 Median age: 25.79 2039 Median age: 26.03 2040 Median age: 26.26 2041 Median age: 26.5 2042 Median age: 26.73 2043 Median age: 26.96 2044 Median age: 27.19 2045 Median age: 27.42 2046 Median age: 27.64 2047 Median age: 27.86 2048 Median age: 28.09 2049 Median age: 28.31 2050 Median age: 28.53 2051 Median age: 28.75 2052 Median age: 28.97 2053 Median age: 29.18 2054 Median age: 29.39 2055 Median age: 29.59 2056 Median age: 29.79 2057 Median age: 29.99 2058 Median age: 30.19 2059 Median age: 30.38 2060 Median age: 30.57 2061 Median age: 30.75 2062 Median age: 30.94 2063 Median age: 31.12 2064 Median age: 31.3 2065 Median age: 31.48 2066 Median age: 31.66 2067 Median age: 31.83 2068 Median age: 32.01 2069 Median age: 32.18 2070 Median age: 32.35 2071 Median age: 32.52 2072 Median age: 32.69 2073 Median age: 32.87 2074 Median age: 33.04 2075 Median age: 33.21 2076 Median age: 33.38 2077 Median age: 33.55 2078 Median age: 33.71 2079 Median age: 33.88 2080 Median age: 34.05 2081 Median age: 34.21 2082 Median age: 34.38 2083 Median age: 34.54 2084 Median age: 34.7 2085 Median age: 34.86 2086 Median age: 35.02 2087 Median age: 35.18 2088 Median age: 35.34 2089 Median age: 35.49 2090 Median age: 35.65 2091 Median age: 35.8 2092 Median age: 35.95 2093 Median age: 36.11 2094 Median age: 36.26 2095 Median age: 36.41 2096 Median age: 36.56 2097 Median age: 36.71 2098 Median age: 36.86 2099 Median age: 37 2100 Median age: 37.15 1950 1994 2016 2038 2060 2100

People aged 65 and over, 1950-2100

% of population
0 5 10 15 20 1950 Aged 65+: 1.1 1951 Aged 65+: 1.1 1952 Aged 65+: 1.1 1953 Aged 65+: 1.1 1954 Aged 65+: 1.1 1955 Aged 65+: 1.1 1956 Aged 65+: 1.1 1957 Aged 65+: 1.1 1958 Aged 65+: 1.1 1959 Aged 65+: 1.1 1960 Aged 65+: 1.1 1961 Aged 65+: 1.1 1962 Aged 65+: 1.1 1963 Aged 65+: 1.1 1964 Aged 65+: 1.1 1965 Aged 65+: 1.1 1966 Aged 65+: 1 1967 Aged 65+: 1 1968 Aged 65+: 1 1969 Aged 65+: 1 1970 Aged 65+: 1.1 1971 Aged 65+: 1.1 1972 Aged 65+: 1.1 1973 Aged 65+: 1.1 1974 Aged 65+: 1.1 1975 Aged 65+: 1.1 1976 Aged 65+: 1.1 1977 Aged 65+: 1.2 1978 Aged 65+: 1.2 1979 Aged 65+: 1.3 1980 Aged 65+: 1.3 1981 Aged 65+: 1.4 1982 Aged 65+: 1.5 1983 Aged 65+: 1.6 1984 Aged 65+: 1.7 1985 Aged 65+: 1.8 1986 Aged 65+: 1.8 1987 Aged 65+: 1.9 1988 Aged 65+: 2 1989 Aged 65+: 2.1 1990 Aged 65+: 2.2 1991 Aged 65+: 2.2 1992 Aged 65+: 2.3 1993 Aged 65+: 2.3 1994 Aged 65+: 2.4 1995 Aged 65+: 2.4 1996 Aged 65+: 2.4 1997 Aged 65+: 2.5 1998 Aged 65+: 2.5 1999 Aged 65+: 2.5 2000 Aged 65+: 2.5 2001 Aged 65+: 2.5 2002 Aged 65+: 2.6 2003 Aged 65+: 2.6 2004 Aged 65+: 2.6 2005 Aged 65+: 2.6 2006 Aged 65+: 2.6 2007 Aged 65+: 2.7 2008 Aged 65+: 2.7 2009 Aged 65+: 2.7 2010 Aged 65+: 2.7 2011 Aged 65+: 2.7 2012 Aged 65+: 2.8 2013 Aged 65+: 2.8 2014 Aged 65+: 2.8 2015 Aged 65+: 2.8 2016 Aged 65+: 2.9 2017 Aged 65+: 2.9 2018 Aged 65+: 3 2019 Aged 65+: 3.1 2020 Aged 65+: 3.1 2021 Aged 65+: 3.2 2022 Aged 65+: 3.2 2023 Aged 65+: 3.3 2024 Aged 65+: 3.5 2025 Aged 65+: 3.6 2026 Aged 65+: 3.7 2027 Aged 65+: 3.9 2028 Aged 65+: 4 2029 Aged 65+: 4.1 2030 Aged 65+: 4.3 2031 Aged 65+: 4.4 2032 Aged 65+: 4.6 2033 Aged 65+: 4.7 2034 Aged 65+: 4.9 2035 Aged 65+: 5 2036 Aged 65+: 5.2 2037 Aged 65+: 5.3 2038 Aged 65+: 5.5 2039 Aged 65+: 5.6 2040 Aged 65+: 5.8 2041 Aged 65+: 5.9 2042 Aged 65+: 6.1 2043 Aged 65+: 6.3 2044 Aged 65+: 6.4 2045 Aged 65+: 6.6 2046 Aged 65+: 6.7 2047 Aged 65+: 6.9 2048 Aged 65+: 7 2049 Aged 65+: 7.2 2050 Aged 65+: 7.4 2051 Aged 65+: 7.5 2052 Aged 65+: 7.7 2053 Aged 65+: 7.9 2054 Aged 65+: 8 2055 Aged 65+: 8.2 2056 Aged 65+: 8.4 2057 Aged 65+: 8.6 2058 Aged 65+: 8.7 2059 Aged 65+: 8.9 2060 Aged 65+: 9 2061 Aged 65+: 9.2 2062 Aged 65+: 9.3 2063 Aged 65+: 9.5 2064 Aged 65+: 9.6 2065 Aged 65+: 9.8 2066 Aged 65+: 9.9 2067 Aged 65+: 10.1 2068 Aged 65+: 10.2 2069 Aged 65+: 10.4 2070 Aged 65+: 10.6 2071 Aged 65+: 10.7 2072 Aged 65+: 10.9 2073 Aged 65+: 11 2074 Aged 65+: 11.2 2075 Aged 65+: 11.3 2076 Aged 65+: 11.5 2077 Aged 65+: 11.7 2078 Aged 65+: 11.9 2079 Aged 65+: 12 2080 Aged 65+: 12.2 2081 Aged 65+: 12.4 2082 Aged 65+: 12.6 2083 Aged 65+: 12.7 2084 Aged 65+: 12.9 2085 Aged 65+: 13.1 2086 Aged 65+: 13.3 2087 Aged 65+: 13.5 2088 Aged 65+: 13.6 2089 Aged 65+: 13.8 2090 Aged 65+: 14 2091 Aged 65+: 14.1 2092 Aged 65+: 14.3 2093 Aged 65+: 14.5 2094 Aged 65+: 14.6 2095 Aged 65+: 14.8 2096 Aged 65+: 15 2097 Aged 65+: 15.1 2098 Aged 65+: 15.3 2099 Aged 65+: 15.4 2100 Aged 65+: 15.6 1950 1994 2016 2038 2060 2100

Dependency ratio, 1950-2100

per 100 people aged 15-64
40 50 60 70 80 90 1950 Dependency ratio: 75.6 1951 Dependency ratio: 75 1952 Dependency ratio: 74.8 1953 Dependency ratio: 74.9 1954 Dependency ratio: 75.3 1955 Dependency ratio: 75.9 1956 Dependency ratio: 76.7 1957 Dependency ratio: 77.6 1958 Dependency ratio: 78.5 1959 Dependency ratio: 79.4 1960 Dependency ratio: 80.3 1961 Dependency ratio: 81.1 1962 Dependency ratio: 81.9 1963 Dependency ratio: 82.6 1964 Dependency ratio: 83.4 1965 Dependency ratio: 84.2 1966 Dependency ratio: 84.9 1967 Dependency ratio: 85.7 1968 Dependency ratio: 86.5 1969 Dependency ratio: 87.3 1970 Dependency ratio: 88.1 1971 Dependency ratio: 88.8 1972 Dependency ratio: 89 1973 Dependency ratio: 88.6 1974 Dependency ratio: 88.1 1975 Dependency ratio: 87.3 1976 Dependency ratio: 86.3 1977 Dependency ratio: 85.2 1978 Dependency ratio: 84 1979 Dependency ratio: 82.7 1980 Dependency ratio: 81.4 1981 Dependency ratio: 80.6 1982 Dependency ratio: 80.3 1983 Dependency ratio: 80.1 1984 Dependency ratio: 79.9 1985 Dependency ratio: 79.9 1986 Dependency ratio: 79.8 1987 Dependency ratio: 79.8 1988 Dependency ratio: 79.7 1989 Dependency ratio: 79.6 1990 Dependency ratio: 79.5 1991 Dependency ratio: 79.1 1992 Dependency ratio: 78.5 1993 Dependency ratio: 77.9 1994 Dependency ratio: 77.3 1995 Dependency ratio: 76.7 1996 Dependency ratio: 76.1 1997 Dependency ratio: 75.5 1998 Dependency ratio: 75 1999 Dependency ratio: 74.4 2000 Dependency ratio: 73.9 2001 Dependency ratio: 73.3 2002 Dependency ratio: 72.7 2003 Dependency ratio: 72 2004 Dependency ratio: 71.3 2005 Dependency ratio: 70.6 2006 Dependency ratio: 69.9 2007 Dependency ratio: 69.3 2008 Dependency ratio: 68.6 2009 Dependency ratio: 67.9 2010 Dependency ratio: 67.2 2011 Dependency ratio: 66.6 2012 Dependency ratio: 66 2013 Dependency ratio: 65.3 2014 Dependency ratio: 64.7 2015 Dependency ratio: 64 2016 Dependency ratio: 63.4 2017 Dependency ratio: 62.7 2018 Dependency ratio: 62.1 2019 Dependency ratio: 61.4 2020 Dependency ratio: 60.8 2021 Dependency ratio: 60.2 2022 Dependency ratio: 59.6 2023 Dependency ratio: 59.1 2024 Dependency ratio: 58.6 2025 Dependency ratio: 58.1 2026 Dependency ratio: 57.5 2027 Dependency ratio: 57 2028 Dependency ratio: 56.5 2029 Dependency ratio: 56 2030 Dependency ratio: 55.5 2031 Dependency ratio: 55 2032 Dependency ratio: 54.6 2033 Dependency ratio: 54.1 2034 Dependency ratio: 53.7 2035 Dependency ratio: 53.3 2036 Dependency ratio: 52.9 2037 Dependency ratio: 52.5 2038 Dependency ratio: 52.2 2039 Dependency ratio: 51.9 2040 Dependency ratio: 51.6 2041 Dependency ratio: 51.4 2042 Dependency ratio: 51.2 2043 Dependency ratio: 51 2044 Dependency ratio: 50.8 2045 Dependency ratio: 50.7 2046 Dependency ratio: 50.6 2047 Dependency ratio: 50.5 2048 Dependency ratio: 50.4 2049 Dependency ratio: 50.3 2050 Dependency ratio: 50.2 2051 Dependency ratio: 50.1 2052 Dependency ratio: 50.1 2053 Dependency ratio: 50.1 2054 Dependency ratio: 50 2055 Dependency ratio: 50 2056 Dependency ratio: 50 2057 Dependency ratio: 49.9 2058 Dependency ratio: 49.9 2059 Dependency ratio: 49.8 2060 Dependency ratio: 49.7 2061 Dependency ratio: 49.6 2062 Dependency ratio: 49.6 2063 Dependency ratio: 49.5 2064 Dependency ratio: 49.4 2065 Dependency ratio: 49.4 2066 Dependency ratio: 49.3 2067 Dependency ratio: 49.3 2068 Dependency ratio: 49.3 2069 Dependency ratio: 49.3 2070 Dependency ratio: 49.3 2071 Dependency ratio: 49.3 2072 Dependency ratio: 49.3 2073 Dependency ratio: 49.3 2074 Dependency ratio: 49.3 2075 Dependency ratio: 49.4 2076 Dependency ratio: 49.5 2077 Dependency ratio: 49.6 2078 Dependency ratio: 49.7 2079 Dependency ratio: 49.8 2080 Dependency ratio: 49.9 2081 Dependency ratio: 50.1 2082 Dependency ratio: 50.2 2083 Dependency ratio: 50.3 2084 Dependency ratio: 50.5 2085 Dependency ratio: 50.7 2086 Dependency ratio: 50.8 2087 Dependency ratio: 51 2088 Dependency ratio: 51.1 2089 Dependency ratio: 51.3 2090 Dependency ratio: 51.4 2091 Dependency ratio: 51.6 2092 Dependency ratio: 51.7 2093 Dependency ratio: 51.8 2094 Dependency ratio: 52 2095 Dependency ratio: 52.1 2096 Dependency ratio: 52.2 2097 Dependency ratio: 52.3 2098 Dependency ratio: 52.5 2099 Dependency ratio: 52.6 2100 Dependency ratio: 52.8 1950 1994 2016 2038 2060 2100

Estimates until 2023, then the UN medium-variant projection (dashed). The dependency ratio is the number of children (0-14) and older people (65+) per 100 people of working age (15-64). Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, licensed under CC BY 3.0 IGO; ratios and shares computed by StatsNode. Sources and licences.

Population

12 indicators
Population
10.8 mn
+1.8% vs 2024
91st of 215 in the world
2nd of 19 in Oceania
2025 · world ranking
Population density
22.9 /km²
+0.4 vs 2022
180th of 214 in the world
16th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 81.0 /km² · world 62.1
2023 · world ranking
Population growth
1.75 %
−0.04 vs 2024
59th of 215 in the world
3rd of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.59 % · world 0.91
2025 · world ranking
Life expectancy
66.3 years
+0.1 vs 2023
183rd of 215 in the world
18th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 71.7 years · world 73.5
2024 · world ranking
Fertility rate
3.07
−0.03 vs 2023
55th of 215 in the world
8th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 2.75 · world 2.19
2024 · world ranking
Birth rate
24.3 ‰
−0.3 vs 2023
55th of 215 in the world
6th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 20.1 ‰ · world 16.3
2024 · world ranking
Infant mortality
31.3 ‰
−0.9 vs 2023
153rd of 196 in the world
13th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 16.5 ‰ · world 27.7
2024 · world ranking
Urban population
15.8 %
+0.4 vs 2024
214th of 215 in the world
19th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 65.4 % · world 57.8
2025 · world ranking
Aged 65+
3.6 %
+0.1 vs 2024
174th of 215 in the world
18th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 6.9 % · world 10.4
2025 · world ranking
Living in cities
11.9 %
+0.2 vs 2024
180th of 215 in the world
8th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.0 % · world 44.8
2025 · world ranking
Living in towns
35.9 %
+0.1 vs 2024
82nd of 215 in the world
11th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 39.5 % · world 35.6
2025 · world ranking
Living in rural areas
52.1 %
−0.3 vs 2024
16th of 215 in the world
5th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 36.4 % · world 19.6
2025 · world ranking

Human development

4 indicators
Human Development Index
0.576
+0.004 vs 2022
160th of 193 in the world
14th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.706 · world 0.756
2023 · world ranking
Inequality-adjusted HDI
0.423
+0.004 vs 2022
129th of 169 in the world
13th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.609 · world 0.590
2023 · world ranking
Planetary-adjusted HDI
0.566
+0.004 vs 2022
121st of 156 in the world
3rd of 3 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.700 · world 0.680
2023 · world ranking
Gender Inequality Index
0.584
−0.024 vs 2022
157th of 172 in the world
8th of 8 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.430 · world 0.455
2023 · world ranking

Economy

12 indicators
GDP
32.5 bn US$
+5.5% vs 2024
110th of 186 in the world
3rd of 14 in Oceania
2025 · world ranking
GDP per capita
3,020 US$
+107 vs 2024
142nd of 186 in the world
12th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 6,294 US$ · world 14,406
2025 · world ranking
GDP per capita (PPP)
5,215 int. $
+328 vs 2024
152nd of 185 in the world
10th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 8,820 int. $ · world 25,704
2025 · world ranking
GNI per capita
2,890 US$
+30 vs 2024
133rd of 182 in the world
13th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 6,535 US$ · world 14,244
2025 · world ranking
GDP growth
5.6 %
+1.7 vs 2024
37th of 186 in the world
2nd of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 2.9 % · world 2.9
2025 · world ranking
Inflation
4.4 %
+3.8 vs 2024
41st of 165 in the world
2nd of 9 in Oceania
Oceania median 2.8 % · world 3.0
2025 · world ranking
FDI inflows
-0.6 %
−0.8 vs 2023
178th of 192 in the world
13th of 15 in Oceania
Oceania median 2.1 % · world 1.4
2024 · world ranking
Manufacturing
1.6 %
0 vs 2023
Oceania median 5.1 % · world 14.9
2024 · world ranking
Agriculture
17.0 %
+0.1 vs 2023
Oceania median 11.6 % · world 4.1
2024 · world ranking
Tax revenue
15.5 %
−0.4 vs 2023
56th of 89 in the world
5th of 5 in Oceania
Oceania median 23.3 % · world 13.8
2024 · world ranking
Government debt
52.0 %
−0.4 vs 2023
20th of 56 in the world
4th of 8 in Oceania (2019)
Oceania median 40.9 %
2024 · world ranking
Military spending
0.3 %
0 vs 2023
144th of 147 in the world
4th of 4 in Oceania
Oceania median 1.3 % · world 2.5
2024 · world ranking

Labour

8 indicators
Unemployment
2.6 %
−0.1 vs 2024
25th of 181 in the world
3rd of 11 in Oceania
Oceania median 5.1 % · world 4.8
2025 · world ranking
Youth unemployment
3.8 %
0 vs 2024
16th of 181 in the world
2nd of 11 in Oceania
Oceania median 13.0 % · world 13.4
2025 · world ranking
Women in the labour force
50.8 %
+0.1 vs 2024
114th of 181 in the world
7th of 11 in Oceania
Oceania median 51.1 % · world 48.9
2025 · world ranking
Jobs in agriculture
36.9 %
−0.6 vs 2024
41st of 181 in the world
3rd of 11 in Oceania
Oceania median 23.6 % · world 25.8
2025 · world ranking
Weekly hours worked
40.8 h
0 vs 2024
72nd of 181 in the world
2nd of 11 in Oceania
Oceania median 35.3 h · world 40.9
2025 · world ranking
Youth NEET rate
27.7 %
0 vs 2024
145th of 181 in the world
9th of 11 in Oceania
Oceania median 21.9 % · world 20.0
2025 · world ranking
Labour income share
32.6 %
−0.2 vs 2024
103rd of 114 in the world
9th of 9 in Oceania (2024)
Oceania median 47.0 % · world 52.7
2025 · world ranking
Output per hour
6.1 $
+0.1 vs 2024
148th of 181 in the world
10th of 11 in Oceania
Oceania median 19.0 $ · world 23.3
2025 · world ranking

Health

6 indicators
Health spending
2.9 %
+0.3 vs 2022
180th of 192 in the world
14th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 10.3 % · world 10.1
2023 · world ranking
Health spending per person
85 US$
+4 vs 2022
146th of 191 in the world
14th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 433 US$ · world 1,317
2023 · world ranking
Physicians
0.06 /1,000
0 vs 2021
Oceania median 3.61 /1,000
2023 · world ranking
Under-5 mortality
39.4 ‰
−1.2 vs 2023
158th of 196 in the world
13th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 19.6 ‰ · world 37.4
2024 · world ranking
Maternal mortality
189 /100k
0 vs 2022
156th of 194 in the world
13th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 101 /100k · world 197
2023 · world ranking
Tobacco use
39.3 %
−0.7 vs 2023
161st of 166 in the world
13th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 29.9 % · world 20.3
2024 · world ranking

Food

7 indicators
Calories per person
2,163 kcal
+14 vs 2023
149th of 155 in the world
10th of 10 in Oceania (2023)
Oceania median 3,031 kcal · world 3,026
2024 · world ranking
Protein supply
61.8 g
−0.2 vs 2021
151st of 174 in the world
14th of 15 in Oceania
Oceania median 101.9 g · world 92.5
2022 · world ranking
Animal protein supply
31.6 g
−0.3 vs 2021
113th of 174 in the world
13th of 15 in Oceania
Oceania median 58.0 g · world 38.7
2022 · world ranking
Fat supply
65.1 g
0 vs 2021
128th of 174 in the world
14th of 15 in Oceania
Oceania median 121.1 g · world 89.7
2022 · world ranking
Food insecurity
57.3 %
0 vs 2018
Oceania median 18.2 % · world 26.0
2019 · world ranking
Severe food insecurity
27.0 %
0 vs 2018
Oceania median 4.8 % · world 9.4
2019 · world ranking
Cereal import dependency
95.2 %
+1.5 vs 2021
25th of 160 in the world
4th of 8 in Oceania
Oceania median 93.9 % · world -0.9
2022 · world ranking

Education

5 indicators
Literacy
87.0 %
+16.9 vs 2017
2022 · world ranking
Secondary enrolment
52.1 %
+6.2 vs 2021
Oceania median 92.4 % · world 77.2
2023 · world ranking
Education spending
0.8 %
+0.1 vs 2022
118th of 121 in the world
10th of 10 in Oceania
Oceania median 5.9 % · world 3.6
2023 · world ranking
Expected schooling
11.5 yrs
0 vs 2022
145th of 195 in the world
13th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 12.6 yrs · world 13.0
2023 · world ranking
Mean schooling
5.0 yrs
0 vs 2022
169th of 193 in the world
14th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 10.6 yrs · world 8.8
2023 · world ranking

Society

4 indicators
Internet use
18.8 %
+0.3 vs 2023
174th of 182 in the world
11th of 11 in Oceania
Oceania median 74.7 % · world 71.2
2024 · world ranking
Mobile subscriptions
38.8 /100
+4.7 vs 2023
151st of 151 in the world
5th of 5 in Oceania
Oceania median 112.6 /100 · world 110.4
2024 · world ranking
Electricity access
43.3 %
+22.8 vs 2023
201st of 213 in the world
18th of 18 in Oceania
Oceania median 100.0 % · world 91.9
2024 · world ranking
Women in parliament
2.7 %
0 vs 2024
180th of 184 in the world
12th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 10.2 % · world 27.2
2025 · world ranking

Refugees

5 indicators
Refugees hosted
7,727
−5 vs 2024
97th of 177 in the world
2nd of 6 in Oceania
Oceania median 1,082 · world 28,461,306
2025 · world ranking
Refugees hosted per 1,000
0.7 ‰
0 vs 2024
94th of 177 in the world
2nd of 6 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.4 ‰ · world 3.5
2025 · world ranking
Asylum-seekers hosted
3,121
−130 vs 2024
82nd of 177 in the world
3rd of 6 in Oceania
Oceania median 1,607 · world 8,998,097
2025 · world ranking
Refugees from the country
644
+140 vs 2024
110th of 199 in the world
1st of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 15 · world 28,461,306
2025 · world ranking
Refugees from per 1,000
0.1 ‰
0 vs 2024
133rd of 199 in the world
6th of 14 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.0 ‰ · world 3.5
2025 · world ranking

Governance

6 indicators
Control of corruption
31.7 /100
−4.0 vs 2023
156th of 207 in the world
18th of 18 in Oceania
Oceania median 58.1 /100
2024 · world ranking
Government effectiveness
33.8 /100
+3.6 vs 2023
174th of 205 in the world
16th of 16 in Oceania
Oceania median 51.1 /100
2024 · world ranking
Rule of law
47.1 /100
−1.0 vs 2023
137th of 207 in the world
18th of 18 in Oceania
Oceania median 74.1 /100
2024 · world ranking
Regulatory quality
45.4 /100
+1.7 vs 2023
145th of 205 in the world
13th of 16 in Oceania
Oceania median 50.8 /100
2024 · world ranking
Voice and accountability
51.1 /100
−3.8 vs 2023
118th of 205 in the world
18th of 18 in Oceania
Oceania median 72.5 /100
2024 · world ranking
Political stability
54.7 /100
−2.1 vs 2023
158th of 207 in the world
18th of 18 in Oceania
Oceania median 85.2 /100
2024 · world ranking

Environment

10 indicators
CO₂ per capita
0.52 t
−0.01 vs 2023
43rd of 202 in the world
9th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.59 t · world 4.69
2024 · world ranking
Fossil CO₂ emissions
8.3 Mt
0 vs 2023
116th of 204 in the world
3rd of 16 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.2 Mt · world 38,598.6
2024 · world ranking
Share of global CO₂
0.02 %
0 vs 2023
116th of 204 in the world
3rd of 16 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.00 % · world 100.00
2024 · world ranking
Cumulative CO₂
0.2 Gt
0 vs 2023
127th of 204 in the world
3rd of 16 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.0 Gt · world 1,849.1
2024 · world ranking
GHG per capita
1.02 t
−0.01 vs 2023
21st of 202 in the world
10th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 1.02 t · world 6.36
2024 · world ranking
Renewable energy
54.6 %
+0.1 vs 2021
43rd of 211 in the world
1st of 19 in Oceania (2021)
Oceania median 8.3 %
2022 · world ranking
Forest area
79.0 %
−0.1 vs 2022
9th of 212 in the world
5th of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 51.9 % · world 31.1
2023 · world ranking
PM2.5 exposure
14.1 µg/m³
−2.0 vs 2022
75th of 200 in the world
17th of 17 in Oceania
Oceania median 4.8 µg/m³ · world 32.9
2023 · world ranking
Water stress
0.1 %
0 vs 2021
2nd of 176 in the world
1st of 4 in Oceania
Oceania median 2.5 %
2022 · world ranking
Land area
452,860 km²
0 vs 2022
54th of 214 in the world
2nd of 19 in Oceania
Oceania median 810 km² · world 129,763,686
2023 · world ranking

Energy

8 indicators
Renewable electricity
23.7 %
0 vs 2023
112th of 190 in the world
8th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 25.0 % · world 31.6
2024 · world ranking
Wind and solar
0.2 %
0 vs 2023
167th of 190 in the world
13th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 9.6 % · world 15.0
2024 · world ranking
Nuclear power
0.0 %
0 vs 2023
139th of 180 in the world
9th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.0 % · world 9.0
2024 · world ranking
Low-carbon electricity
23.7 %
0 vs 2023
119th of 190 in the world
8th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 25.0 % · world 40.6
2024 · world ranking
Fossil electricity
76.3 %
0 vs 2023
119th of 190 in the world
8th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 75.0 % · world 59.4
2024 · world ranking
Coal power
0.0 %
0 vs 2023
79th of 188 in the world
6th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 0.0 % · world 34.4
2024 · world ranking
Carbon intensity of power
516 g/kWh
0 vs 2023
111th of 190 in the world
6th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 540 g/kWh · world 474
2024 · world ranking
Electricity per capita
0.45 MWh
−0.01 vs 2023
154th of 191 in the world
11th of 13 in Oceania
Oceania median 2.55 MWh · world 3.81
2024 · world ranking

Where the data comes from

World Bank (World Development Indicators, Worldwide Governance Indicators), ILO modelled estimates, FAO (FAOSTAT), UNDP (Human Development Report), UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics Database, Ember (electricity), the Global Carbon Project (CO₂) and the UN World Population Prospects and World Urbanization Prospects, under CC BY 4.0 and CC BY 3.0 IGO. Many World Bank series come from other organisations (ILO, IMF, WHO); each indicator page names the original source. Sources and licences.

Ranks are computed in the latest year for which at least half of the countries have a value. Where less is better (unemployment, emissions), the lowest value ranks first. The continent figure is the median of its countries.