Cumulative fossil CO₂ emissions since 1750

204 countries, 2024. Unit: billion tonnes CO₂.

First in the ranking
434.9 Gt
United States
Median country
0.5 Gt
half above, half below
World total
1,849.1 Gt
Global Carbon Project aggregate
Range
0.0 to 434.9
Tuvalu - United States

How to read it

Across 204 countries worldwide, the highest value is in United States (434.9 Gt) and the lowest in Tuvalu (0.0 Gt).

The median country is at 0.5 Gt: half are above, half below.

For the world as a total, the value rose from 922.1 Gt in 1995 to 1,849.1 Gt in 2024.

Compare selected countries · on the world map

Source: Global Carbon Project, Global Carbon Budget, national fossil CO₂ emissions · licence

Cumulative CO₂ over time

Gt

Ranking of countries

2024
In chart Continent Share of the highest value
1United States434.9North America
2China285.1Asia
3Russia122.8Europe
4Germany95.1Europe
5United Kingdom80.1Europe
6Japan69.6Asia
7India66.1Asia
8France40.0Europe
9Canada35.6North America
10Ukraine31.2Europe
11Poland29.0Europe
12Italy26.0Europe
13South Africa22.8Africa
14Mexico22.0North America
15Iran21.8Asia
16South Korea20.7Asia
17Australia20.0Oceania
18Saudi Arabia19.0Asia
19Brazil18.2South America
20Indonesia17.4Asia
21Spain15.7Europe
22Kazakhstan14.9Asia
23Belgium12.9Europe
24Türkiye12.9Asia
25Czechia12.3Europe
26Netherlands12.3Europe
27Argentina9.2South America
28Romania8.9Europe
29Thailand8.3Asia
30Venezuela7.9South America
31Egypt7.5Africa
32Malaysia7.0Asia
33Uzbekistan6.8Asia
34United Arab Emirates5.8Asia
35Austria5.7Europe
36Pakistan5.7Asia
37Vietnam5.7Asia
38North Korea5.5Asia
39Algeria5.5Africa
40Iraq5.4Asia
41Belarus5.2Europe
42Hungary5.2Europe
43Sweden5.1Europe
44Nigeria4.7Africa
45Greece4.3Europe
46Denmark4.2Europe
47Slovakia4.0Europe
48Bulgaria4.0Europe
49Philippines4.0Asia
50Colombia3.8South America
51Kuwait3.4Asia
52Chile3.3South America
53Finland3.3Europe
54Switzerland3.2Europe
55Serbia2.9Europe
56Norway2.8Europe
57Portugal2.8Europe
58Turkmenistan2.7Asia
59Azerbaijan2.6Asia
60Israel2.6Asia
61Qatar2.6Asia
62Libya2.5Africa
63Ireland2.4Europe
64Singapore2.2Asia
65Peru2.2South America
66Syria2.1Asia
67Morocco2.0Africa
68New Zealand2.0Oceania
69Bangladesh2.0Asia
70Cuba1.8North America
71Hong Kong1.8Asia
72Trinidad and Tobago1.7North America
73Oman1.7Asia
74Estonia1.7Europe
75Lithuania1.6Europe
76Ecuador1.4South America
77Moldova1.4Europe
78Croatia1.2Europe
79Bahrain1.1Asia
80Tunisia1.1Africa
81Bosnia and Herzegovina1.0Europe
82Latvia1.0Europe
83Slovenia0.9Europe
84Kyrgyzstan0.9Asia
85Dominican Republic0.9North America
86Mongolia0.9Asia
87Zimbabwe0.8Africa
88Lebanon0.8Asia
89Jordan0.8Asia
90Luxembourg0.8Europe
91Angola0.7Africa
92Myanmar0.7Asia
93Yemen0.7Asia
94Georgia0.7Asia
95Bolivia0.6South America
96Sri Lanka0.6Asia
97Kenya0.6Africa
98North Macedonia0.5Europe
99Curaçao0.5North America
100Tajikistan0.5Asia
101Sudan0.5Africa
102Guatemala0.5North America
103Jamaica0.5North America
104Uruguay0.5South America
105Brunei0.4Asia
106Ghana0.4Africa
107Armenia0.4Asia
108Côte d'Ivoire0.4Africa
109Panama0.4North America
110Tanzania0.3Africa
111Ethiopia0.3Africa
112Cyprus0.3Asia
113Honduras0.3North America
114Cameroon0.3Africa
115Albania0.3Europe
116Gabon0.3Africa
117Zambia0.3Africa
118Senegal0.3Africa
119Costa Rica0.3North America
120El Salvador0.3North America
121Cambodia0.3Asia
122Laos0.2Asia
123Afghanistan0.2Asia
124Democratic Republic of the Congo0.2Africa
125Nepal0.2Asia
126Mozambique0.2Africa
127Papua New Guinea0.2Oceania
128Paraguay0.2South America
129Nicaragua0.2North America
130Republic of the Congo0.2Africa
131Botswana0.2Africa
132Bahamas0.2North America
133New Caledonia0.2Oceania
134Iceland0.2Europe
135Equatorial Guinea0.2Africa
136Mauritius0.1Africa
137Uganda0.1Africa
138Suriname0.1South America
139Benin0.1Africa
140Montenegro0.1Europe
141Guyana0.1South America
142Madagascar0.1Africa
143Malta0.1Europe
144Guinea0.1Africa
145Mali0.1Africa
146Mauritania0.1Africa
147Burkina Faso0.1Africa
148Haiti0.1North America
149Namibia0.1Africa
150Palestine0.1Asia
151Togo0.1Africa
152Aruba0.1North America
153Lesotho0.1Africa
154Barbados0.1North America
155Sint Maarten0.1North America
156Niger0.1Africa
157Malawi0.1Africa
158Macao0.1Asia
159Fiji0.1Oceania
160Liberia0.1Africa
161Chad0.1Africa
162South Sudan0.0Africa
163Eswatini0.0Africa
164Sierra Leone0.0Africa
165Somalia0.0Africa
166Rwanda0.0Africa
167Greenland0.0North America
168French Polynesia0.0Oceania
169Faroe Islands0.0Europe
170Maldives0.0Asia
171Bermuda0.0North America
172Bhutan0.0Asia
173Antigua and Barbuda0.0North America
174Belize0.0North America
175Djibouti0.0Africa
176Eritrea0.0Africa
177The Gambia0.0Africa
178Cabo Verde0.0Africa
179Andorra0.0Europe
180Burundi0.0Africa
181Saint Lucia0.0North America
182Seychelles0.0Africa
183Central African Republic0.0Africa
184Timor-Leste0.0Asia
185Solomon Islands0.0Oceania
186Liechtenstein0.0Europe
187Grenada0.0North America
188Guinea-Bissau0.0Africa
189Saint Kitts and Nevis0.0North America
190Saint Vincent and the Grenadines0.0North America
191Samoa0.0Oceania
192Turks and Caicos Islands0.0North America
193Comoros0.0Africa
194Palau0.0Oceania
195British Virgin Islands0.0North America
196Dominica0.0North America
197Vanuatu0.0Oceania
198Nauru0.0Oceania
199Federated States of Micronesia0.0Oceania
200Tonga0.0Oceania
201Marshall Islands0.0Oceania
202São Tomé and Principe0.0Africa
203Kiribati0.0Oceania
204Tuvalu0.0Oceania
Global Carbon Project · 2024 · CC BY 4.0 Source and licence

Biggest changes, 2014-2024

% change · 204 countries

Largest increase

  1. Laos 0.0 → 0.2 +409%
  2. Cambodia 0.1 → 0.3 +206%
  3. Nepal 0.1 → 0.2 +158%
  4. Mali 0.0 → 0.1 +136%
  5. Burkina Faso 0.0 → 0.1 +132%

Largest decrease

  1. Moldova 1.3 → 1.4 +4%
  2. United Kingdom 76.5 → 80.1 +5%
  3. Ukraine 29.3 → 31.2 +7%
  4. Curaçao 0.5 → 0.5 +7%
  5. Latvia 0.9 → 1.0 +8%

Continents over time

median country of each continent

Cumulative CO₂ - continent medians

Gt

Africa Asia Europe North America South America Oceania

0 1 2 3 4 1950 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.03 Europe: 0.27 North America: 0 South America: 0.08 Oceania: 0 1951 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.03 Europe: 0.28 North America: 0 South America: 0.09 Oceania: 0 1952 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.03 Europe: 0.3 North America: 0 South America: 0.09 Oceania: 0 1953 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.03 Europe: 0.32 North America: 0 South America: 0.1 Oceania: 0 1954 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.04 Europe: 0.33 North America: 0 South America: 0.11 Oceania: 0 1955 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.04 Europe: 0.35 North America: 0 South America: 0.12 Oceania: 0 1956 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.04 Europe: 0.38 North America: 0 South America: 0.12 Oceania: 0 1957 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.05 Europe: 0.4 North America: 0 South America: 0.13 Oceania: 0 1958 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.05 Europe: 0.41 North America: 0 South America: 0.14 Oceania: 0 1959 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.06 Europe: 0.33 North America: 0 South America: 0.15 Oceania: 0 1960 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.06 Europe: 0.34 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.16 Oceania: 0 1961 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.06 Europe: 0.35 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.17 Oceania: 0 1962 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.07 Europe: 0.36 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.19 Oceania: 0 1963 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.07 Europe: 0.38 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.2 Oceania: 0 1964 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.08 Europe: 0.39 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.21 Oceania: 0 1965 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.09 Europe: 0.44 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.23 Oceania: 0 1966 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.09 Europe: 0.48 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.24 Oceania: 0 1967 Africa: 0 Asia: 0.1 Europe: 0.54 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.25 Oceania: 0 1968 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.11 Europe: 0.6 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.26 Oceania: 0 1969 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.12 Europe: 0.67 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.27 Oceania: 0 1970 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.12 Europe: 0.71 North America: 0.01 South America: 0.28 Oceania: 0 1971 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.12 Europe: 0.74 North America: 0.02 South America: 0.29 Oceania: 0 1972 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.13 Europe: 0.77 North America: 0.02 South America: 0.3 Oceania: 0 1973 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.15 Europe: 0.8 North America: 0.02 South America: 0.32 Oceania: 0 1974 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.16 Europe: 0.83 North America: 0.02 South America: 0.33 Oceania: 0 1975 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.18 Europe: 0.86 North America: 0.02 South America: 0.34 Oceania: 0 1976 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.21 Europe: 0.89 North America: 0.03 South America: 0.36 Oceania: 0 1977 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.23 Europe: 0.92 North America: 0.03 South America: 0.37 Oceania: 0 1978 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.25 Europe: 0.96 North America: 0.03 South America: 0.39 Oceania: 0 1979 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.28 Europe: 0.99 North America: 0.03 South America: 0.4 Oceania: 0 1980 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.3 Europe: 1.02 North America: 0.03 South America: 0.42 Oceania: 0 1981 Africa: 0.01 Asia: 0.32 Europe: 1.06 North America: 0.04 South America: 0.43 Oceania: 0 1982 Africa: 0.02 Asia: 0.34 Europe: 1.09 North America: 0.04 South America: 0.45 Oceania: 0 1983 Africa: 0.02 Asia: 0.36 Europe: 1.13 North America: 0.04 South America: 0.46 Oceania: 0 1984 Africa: 0.02 Asia: 0.38 Europe: 1.17 North America: 0.04 South America: 0.47 Oceania: 0 1985 Africa: 0.02 Asia: 0.41 Europe: 1.22 North America: 0.04 South America: 0.48 Oceania: 0 1986 Africa: 0.02 Asia: 0.44 Europe: 1.27 North America: 0.04 South America: 0.49 Oceania: 0 1987 Africa: 0.02 Asia: 0.47 Europe: 1.33 North America: 0.05 South America: 0.52 Oceania: 0 1988 Africa: 0.02 Asia: 0.5 Europe: 1.38 North America: 0.05 South America: 0.54 Oceania: 0.01 1989 Africa: 0.02 Asia: 0.53 Europe: 1.44 North America: 0.05 South America: 0.56 Oceania: 0.01 1990 Africa: 0.02 Asia: 0.51 Europe: 1.45 North America: 0.05 South America: 0.58 Oceania: 0 1991 Africa: 0.03 Asia: 0.56 Europe: 1.49 North America: 0.05 South America: 0.59 Oceania: 0 1992 Africa: 0.03 Asia: 0.6 Europe: 1.55 North America: 0.05 South America: 0.62 Oceania: 0 1993 Africa: 0.03 Asia: 0.64 Europe: 1.62 North America: 0.05 South America: 0.64 Oceania: 0 1994 Africa: 0.03 Asia: 0.61 Europe: 1.69 North America: 0.05 South America: 0.66 Oceania: 0 1995 Africa: 0.03 Asia: 0.63 Europe: 1.76 North America: 0.06 South America: 0.68 Oceania: 0 1996 Africa: 0.03 Asia: 0.65 Europe: 1.84 North America: 0.06 South America: 0.71 Oceania: 0 1997 Africa: 0.03 Asia: 0.67 Europe: 1.92 North America: 0.06 South America: 0.73 Oceania: 0 1998 Africa: 0.03 Asia: 0.69 Europe: 2 North America: 0.06 South America: 0.76 Oceania: 0 1999 Africa: 0.04 Asia: 0.71 Europe: 2.08 North America: 0.06 South America: 0.78 Oceania: 0 2000 Africa: 0.04 Asia: 0.73 Europe: 2.13 North America: 0.07 South America: 0.81 Oceania: 0 2001 Africa: 0.04 Asia: 0.76 Europe: 2.19 North America: 0.07 South America: 0.83 Oceania: 0 2002 Africa: 0.04 Asia: 0.79 Europe: 2.24 North America: 0.07 South America: 0.86 Oceania: 0 2003 Africa: 0.04 Asia: 0.83 Europe: 2.3 North America: 0.07 South America: 0.88 Oceania: 0 2004 Africa: 0.04 Asia: 0.88 Europe: 2.36 North America: 0.07 South America: 0.91 Oceania: 0 2005 Africa: 0.04 Asia: 0.92 Europe: 2.41 North America: 0.08 South America: 0.94 Oceania: 0 2006 Africa: 0.05 Asia: 0.97 Europe: 2.47 North America: 0.08 South America: 0.97 Oceania: 0 2007 Africa: 0.05 Asia: 1.02 Europe: 2.52 North America: 0.08 South America: 1.01 Oceania: 0 2008 Africa: 0.05 Asia: 1.08 Europe: 2.57 North America: 0.09 South America: 1.04 Oceania: 0 2009 Africa: 0.06 Asia: 1.13 Europe: 2.62 North America: 0.09 South America: 1.08 Oceania: 0 2010 Africa: 0.06 Asia: 1.19 Europe: 2.68 North America: 0.09 South America: 1.12 Oceania: 0 2011 Africa: 0.06 Asia: 1.25 Europe: 2.73 North America: 0.1 South America: 1.16 Oceania: 0 2012 Africa: 0.07 Asia: 1.32 Europe: 2.77 North America: 0.1 South America: 1.2 Oceania: 0 2013 Africa: 0.07 Asia: 1.39 Europe: 2.82 North America: 0.1 South America: 1.24 Oceania: 0 2014 Africa: 0.07 Asia: 1.45 Europe: 2.86 North America: 0.11 South America: 1.29 Oceania: 0.01 2015 Africa: 0.08 Asia: 1.52 Europe: 2.91 North America: 0.11 South America: 1.33 Oceania: 0.01 2016 Africa: 0.08 Asia: 1.59 Europe: 2.95 North America: 0.11 South America: 1.38 Oceania: 0.01 2017 Africa: 0.09 Asia: 1.66 Europe: 2.99 North America: 0.12 South America: 1.42 Oceania: 0.01 2018 Africa: 0.09 Asia: 1.7 Europe: 3.03 North America: 0.12 South America: 1.47 Oceania: 0.01 2019 Africa: 0.1 Asia: 1.74 Europe: 3.07 North America: 0.12 South America: 1.52 Oceania: 0.01 2020 Africa: 0.1 Asia: 1.77 Europe: 3.11 North America: 0.12 South America: 1.56 Oceania: 0.01 2021 Africa: 0.1 Asia: 1.82 Europe: 3.14 North America: 0.13 South America: 1.61 Oceania: 0.01 2022 Africa: 0.11 Asia: 1.89 Europe: 3.18 North America: 0.13 South America: 1.66 Oceania: 0.01 2023 Africa: 0.12 Asia: 1.96 Europe: 3.21 North America: 0.13 South America: 1.72 Oceania: 0.01 2024 Africa: 0.12 Asia: 2.03 Europe: 3.24 North America: 0.13 South America: 1.78 Oceania: 0.01 1950 1972 1983 1994 2005 2024

By continent

median country
Africa 0.1 Gt
Asia 2.0 Gt
Europe 3.2 Gt
North America 0.1 Gt
South America 1.8 Gt
Oceania 0.0 Gt

Tick a country in the table to add it to the chart above, up to six at a time. The ranking uses the latest year for which at least half of the countries have a value; countries without a value that year are not listed.