Cities: United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects 2025 (CC BY 3.0 IGO), size by population · sources and licences
Largest cities
43 cities of 50,000+
#
City
Population 2025
1975
2050*
1
Lima (capital)
10,580,241
3,519,785
12,358,372
2
Arequipa
977,496
263,322
1,105,484
3
Trujillo
949,018
283,693
1,067,444
4
Chiclayo
620,622
229,845
694,544
5
Caleta Sanitaria
572,154
183,208
880,775
6
Cusco
490,968
130,887
541,263
7
Piura
471,521
140,830
512,591
8
Huancayo
470,685
158,258
613,736
9
Chimbote
350,281
187,060
384,803
10
Tacna
327,582
-
371,948
Cities as urban centres under the UN Degree of Urbanisation, not municipal boundaries. * UN projection.
Source: United Nations, DESA, Population Division (2025). World Urbanization Prospects 2025, CC BY 3.0 IGO.Sources and licences
Over time
vs world and South America median
Life expectancy at birth
years · 1960-2024
Peru
World
South America median
Fertility rate
1960-2024
Peru
World
South America median
GDP per capita
US$ · 1960-2025
Peru
World
South America median
Unemployment rate (modelled ILO estimate)
% · 1991-2025
Peru
World
South America median
Individuals using the internet
% · 2005-2024
Peru
World
South America median
CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding land use)
t · 1970-2024
Peru
World
South America median
Population outlook
UN World Population Prospects
Population, 2026
34.9 mn
2050: 40.6 mn · 2100: 38.2 mn
peak 41.7 mn in 2066
Median age
30.5 years
2050: 39.1 years
Aged 65 and over
9.7 %
2050: 17.7 %
Dependency ratio
49
per 100 aged 15-64 · 2050: 55
Age structure
% of population · men left, women right
* UN projection, medium variant. Scale is the same for all years.
Population, 1950-2100
millions
Median age, 1950-2100
years
People aged 65 and over, 1950-2100
% of population
Dependency ratio, 1950-2100
per 100 people aged 15-64
Estimates until 2023, then the UN medium-variant projection (dashed).
The dependency ratio is the number of children (0-14) and older people (65+) per 100 people
of working age (15-64). Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs,
Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, licensed under
CC BY 3.0 IGO;
ratios and shares computed by StatsNode. Sources and licences.
Population
12 indicators
Population
34.6 mn
+1.0% vs 2024
48th of 215 in the world 4th of 12 in South America
World Bank (World Development Indicators, Worldwide Governance Indicators), ILO modelled estimates, FAO (FAOSTAT), UNDP (Human Development Report),
UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics Database, Ember (electricity), the Global Carbon Project (CO₂) and the
UN World Population Prospects and World Urbanization Prospects, under CC BY 4.0 and CC BY 3.0 IGO. Many World Bank series come from other
organisations (ILO, IMF, WHO); each indicator page names the original source.
Sources and licences.
Ranks are computed in the latest year for which at least half of the countries have
a value. Where less is better (unemployment, emissions), the lowest value ranks first.
The continent figure is the median of its countries.
