Cities: United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects 2025 (CC BY 3.0 IGO), size by population · sources and licences
Largest cities
29 cities of 50,000+
#
City
Population 2025
1975
2050*
1
București (Bucharest) (capital)
1,909,536
1,735,681
1,766,910
2
Timișoara
319,240
252,999
301,605
3
Cluj-Napoca
310,650
267,316
298,725
4
Iași
275,840
222,782
254,340
5
Constanța
268,757
216,524
247,357
6
Craiova
251,285
196,754
233,484
7
Brasov
226,778
207,181
212,281
8
Galați
225,126
157,951
204,754
9
Ploiești
188,227
191,116
172,095
10
Oradea
163,471
143,602
158,133
Cities as urban centres under the UN Degree of Urbanisation, not municipal boundaries. * UN projection.
Source: United Nations, DESA, Population Division (2025). World Urbanization Prospects 2025, CC BY 3.0 IGO.Sources and licences
Over time
vs world and Europe median
Life expectancy at birth
years · 1960-2024
Romania
World
Europe median
Fertility rate
1960-2024
Romania
World
Europe median
GDP per capita
US$ · 1987-2025
Romania
World
Europe median
Unemployment rate (modelled ILO estimate)
% · 1991-2025
Romania
World
Europe median
Individuals using the internet
% · 2005-2024
Romania
World
Europe median
CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding land use)
t · 1970-2024
Romania
World
Europe median
Population outlook
UN World Population Prospects
Population, 2026
18.8 mn
2050: 16 mn · 2100: 10.8 mn
peak 22.9 mn in 1991
Median age
43.5 years
2050: 46.2 years
Aged 65 and over
20.2 %
2050: 27.8 %
Dependency ratio
56
per 100 aged 15-64 · 2050: 73
Age structure
% of population · men left, women right
* UN projection, medium variant. Scale is the same for all years.
Population, 1950-2100
millions
Median age, 1950-2100
years
People aged 65 and over, 1950-2100
% of population
Dependency ratio, 1950-2100
per 100 people aged 15-64
Estimates until 2023, then the UN medium-variant projection (dashed).
The dependency ratio is the number of children (0-14) and older people (65+) per 100 people
of working age (15-64). Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs,
Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, licensed under
CC BY 3.0 IGO;
ratios and shares computed by StatsNode. Sources and licences.
World Bank (World Development Indicators, Worldwide Governance Indicators), ILO modelled estimates, FAO (FAOSTAT), UNDP (Human Development Report),
UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics Database, Ember (electricity), the Global Carbon Project (CO₂) and the
UN World Population Prospects and World Urbanization Prospects, under CC BY 4.0 and CC BY 3.0 IGO. Many World Bank series come from other
organisations (ILO, IMF, WHO); each indicator page names the original source.
Sources and licences.
Ranks are computed in the latest year for which at least half of the countries have
a value. Where less is better (unemployment, emissions), the lowest value ranks first.
The continent figure is the median of its countries.
