Romania vs Russia

Romania (Europe) and Russia (Europe) side by side. Each value is the latest available for that country, so the year may differ; the rank is among all countries of the world.

Over time

with the world for reference

GDP per capita

US$ · 1988-2025

Romania Russia World

0 5,000 10k 15k 20k 25k 1988 Romania: 1,753.19 Russia: 3,778.02 World: 3,829.99 1989 Romania: 1,789.64 Russia: 3,429.65 World: 3,930.51 1990 Romania: 1,648.49 Russia: 3,494.06 World: 4,338.94 1991 Romania: 1,254.31 Russia: 3,490.45 World: 4,453.9 1992 Romania: 1,102.1 Russia: 3,098.8 World: 4,679.98 1993 Romania: 1,158.06 Russia: 2,930.67 World: 4,685.3 1994 Romania: 1,323.03 Russia: 2,662.1 World: 4,967.01 1995 Romania: 1,650.05 Russia: 2,665.78 World: 5,463.2 1996 Romania: 1,633.01 Russia: 2,643.93 World: 5,507.22 1997 Romania: 1,577.34 Russia: 2,737.57 World: 5,408.57 1998 Romania: 1,852.56 Russia: 1,834.86 World: 5,302.34 1999 Romania: 1,599.91 Russia: 1,330.76 World: 5,401.23 2000 Romania: 1,659.93 Russia: 1,771.59 World: 5,512.56 2001 Romania: 1,825.19 Russia: 2,100.35 World: 5,404.2 2002 Romania: 2,119.86 Russia: 2,377.53 World: 5,539.32 2003 Romania: 2,679.41 Russia: 2,975.12 World: 6,129.87 2004 Romania: 3,494.99 Russia: 4,102.36 World: 6,818 2005 Romania: 4,618 Russia: 5,323.46 World: 7,290.57 2006 Romania: 5,757.53 Russia: 6,920.2 World: 7,803.19 2007 Romania: 8,360.34 Russia: 9,101.24 World: 8,685.33 2008 Romania: 10,435.16 Russia: 11,635.28 World: 9,425.74 2009 Romania: 8,548.45 Russia: 8,562.82 World: 8,827.04 2010 Romania: 8,399.54 Russia: 10,674.99 World: 9,555.07 2011 Romania: 9,560.68 Russia: 14,305.33 World: 10,496.93 2012 Romania: 8,929.95 Russia: 15,401.85 World: 10,597.85 2013 Romania: 9,497.67 Russia: 15,941.45 World: 10,759.35 2014 Romania: 10,031.77 Russia: 14,055.47 World: 10,912.24 2015 Romania: 8,977.02 Russia: 9,277.71 World: 10,191.98 2016 Romania: 9,404.54 Russia: 8,663.16 World: 10,239.47 2017 Romania: 10,727.98 Russia: 10,658.91 World: 10,784.4 2018 Romania: 12,416.13 Russia: 11,211.89 World: 11,344.73 2019 Romania: 12,909.61 Russia: 11,447.7 World: 11,417.6 2020 Romania: 13,009.15 Russia: 10,108.33 World: 10,999.49 2021 Romania: 14,908.04 Russia: 12,425.03 World: 12,472.91 2022 Romania: 15,503.47 Russia: 15,625.63 World: 12,876.24 2023 Romania: 18,244.42 Russia: 13,987 World: 13,313.86 2024 Romania: 20,080.21 Russia: 14,961.9 World: 13,717.09 2025 Romania: 22,537.95 Russia: 17,546.61 World: 14,405.85 1988 2000 2006 2012 2025

Life expectancy at birth

years · 1960-2024

Romania Russia World

50 60 70 80 1960 Romania: 65.86 Russia: 67.53 World: 50.94 1961 Romania: 65.88 Russia: 67.78 World: 52.8 1962 Romania: 65.26 Russia: 67.7 World: 55.29 1963 Romania: 67.07 Russia: 68.27 World: 55.65 1964 Romania: 67.85 Russia: 68.71 World: 56.1 1965 Romania: 67.71 Russia: 68.51 World: 55.93 1966 Romania: 68.9 Russia: 68.59 World: 56.45 1967 Romania: 67.52 Russia: 68.43 World: 56.9 1968 Romania: 67.56 Russia: 68.32 World: 57.34 1969 Romania: 66.69 Russia: 67.91 World: 57.68 1970 Romania: 67.48 Russia: 68.13 World: 57.94 1971 Romania: 68.5 Russia: 68.38 World: 58.02 1972 Romania: 68.47 Russia: 68.31 World: 58.84 1973 Romania: 69.01 Russia: 68.29 World: 59.3 1974 Romania: 69.5 Russia: 68.32 World: 59.7 1975 Romania: 69.61 Russia: 67.72 World: 60.13 1976 Romania: 69.7 Russia: 67.49 World: 60.45 1977 Romania: 69.74 Russia: 67.38 World: 61.04 1978 Romania: 69.48 Russia: 67.39 World: 61.39 1979 Romania: 69.15 Russia: 67.11 World: 61.84 1980 Romania: 69.09 Russia: 67.03 World: 62.15 1981 Romania: 69.37 Russia: 67.26 World: 62.52 1982 Romania: 69.53 Russia: 67.81 World: 62.87 1983 Romania: 69.73 Russia: 67.65 World: 63.13 1984 Romania: 69.66 Russia: 67.2 World: 63.44 1985 Romania: 69.71 Russia: 67.86 World: 63.73 1986 Romania: 69.5 Russia: 69.39 World: 64.12 1987 Romania: 69.23 Russia: 69.44 World: 64.46 1988 Romania: 69.39 Russia: 69.46 World: 64.67 1989 Romania: 69.53 Russia: 69.17 World: 64.96 1990 Romania: 69.74 Russia: 68.89 World: 65.11 1991 Romania: 69.78 Russia: 68.47 World: 65.3 1992 Romania: 69.78 Russia: 66.87 World: 65.55 1993 Romania: 69.56 Russia: 64.94 World: 65.74 1994 Romania: 69.51 Russia: 64.47 World: 65.96 1995 Romania: 69.46 Russia: 64.69 World: 66.2 1996 Romania: 69.1 Russia: 65.85 World: 66.52 1997 Romania: 69 Russia: 66.7 World: 66.83 1998 Romania: 69.81 Russia: 67.03 World: 67.07 1999 Romania: 70.51 Russia: 65.98 World: 67.31 2000 Romania: 71.16 Russia: 65.48 World: 67.65 2001 Romania: 71.16 Russia: 65.38 World: 67.95 2002 Romania: 71.01 Russia: 65.13 World: 68.23 2003 Romania: 71.31 Russia: 65.03 World: 68.52 2004 Romania: 71.56 Russia: 65.47 World: 68.77 2005 Romania: 71.91 Russia: 65.53 World: 69.11 2006 Romania: 72.16 Russia: 66.73 World: 69.47 2007 Romania: 72.57 Russia: 67.59 World: 69.81 2008 Romania: 72.57 Russia: 67.95 World: 70 2009 Romania: 73.31 Russia: 68.68 World: 70.38 2010 Romania: 73.46 Russia: 68.84 World: 70.68 2011 Romania: 74.41 Russia: 69.68 World: 70.97 2012 Romania: 74.41 Russia: 70.07 World: 71.26 2013 Romania: 75.06 Russia: 70.58 World: 71.53 2014 Romania: 74.91 Russia: 70.74 World: 71.78 2015 Romania: 74.91 Russia: 71.18 World: 71.97 2016 Romania: 75.21 Russia: 71.65 World: 72.19 2017 Romania: 75.21 Russia: 72.45 World: 72.37 2018 Romania: 75.36 Russia: 72.66 World: 72.64 2019 Romania: 75.61 Russia: 73.08 World: 72.87 2020 Romania: 74.25 Russia: 71.34 World: 72.18 2021 Romania: 72.81 Russia: 69.9 World: 71.22 2022 Romania: 75.15 Russia: 72.55 World: 72.97 2023 Romania: 76.4 Russia: 73.25 World: 73.33 2024 Romania: 76.46 Russia: 73.44 World: 73.48 1960 1980 1990 2000 2024

Fertility rate

1960-2024

Romania Russia World

1 2 3 4 5 6 1960 Romania: 2.34 Russia: 2.52 World: 4.69 1961 Romania: 2.17 Russia: 2.45 World: 4.56 1962 Romania: 2.04 Russia: 2.36 World: 5.02 1963 Romania: 2.01 Russia: 2.27 World: 5.31 1964 Romania: 1.96 Russia: 2.18 World: 5.13 1965 Romania: 1.91 Russia: 2.13 World: 5.08 1966 Romania: 1.9 Russia: 2.1 World: 4.97 1967 Romania: 3.66 Russia: 2.04 World: 4.87 1968 Romania: 3.63 Russia: 1.99 World: 4.98 1969 Romania: 3.19 Russia: 1.97 World: 4.88 1970 Romania: 2.89 Russia: 1.99 World: 4.84 1971 Romania: 2.67 Russia: 2.03 World: 4.69 1972 Romania: 2.55 Russia: 2.04 World: 4.55 1973 Romania: 2.44 Russia: 2.01 World: 4.42 1974 Romania: 2.71 Russia: 2 World: 4.26 1975 Romania: 2.59 Russia: 1.98 World: 4.07 1976 Romania: 2.54 Russia: 1.97 World: 3.97 1977 Romania: 2.57 Russia: 1.95 World: 3.84 1978 Romania: 2.52 Russia: 1.92 World: 3.77 1979 Romania: 2.49 Russia: 1.9 World: 3.76 1980 Romania: 2.43 Russia: 1.89 World: 3.73 1981 Romania: 2.36 Russia: 1.91 World: 3.71 1982 Romania: 2.17 Russia: 2.04 World: 3.72 1983 Romania: 2.06 Russia: 2.11 World: 3.59 1984 Romania: 2.26 Russia: 2.06 World: 3.57 1985 Romania: 2.31 Russia: 2.05 World: 3.53 1986 Romania: 2.39 Russia: 2.15 World: 3.51 1987 Romania: 2.38 Russia: 2.22 World: 3.48 1988 Romania: 2.3 Russia: 2.12 World: 3.39 1989 Romania: 2.22 Russia: 2.01 World: 3.35 1990 Romania: 1.83 Russia: 1.89 World: 3.31 1991 Romania: 1.59 Russia: 1.73 World: 3.13 1992 Romania: 1.51 Russia: 1.55 World: 3.04 1993 Romania: 1.43 Russia: 1.39 World: 2.97 1994 Romania: 1.4 Russia: 1.4 World: 2.92 1995 Romania: 1.33 Russia: 1.34 World: 2.87 1996 Romania: 1.3 Russia: 1.27 World: 2.82 1997 Romania: 1.32 Russia: 1.22 World: 2.78 1998 Romania: 1.32 Russia: 1.23 World: 2.75 1999 Romania: 1.3 Russia: 1.16 World: 2.72 2000 Romania: 1.31 Russia: 1.2 World: 2.73 2001 Romania: 1.27 Russia: 1.22 World: 2.69 2002 Romania: 1.27 Russia: 1.29 World: 2.66 2003 Romania: 1.3 Russia: 1.32 World: 2.64 2004 Romania: 1.33 Russia: 1.34 World: 2.63 2005 Romania: 1.4 Russia: 1.29 World: 2.61 2006 Romania: 1.42 Russia: 1.31 World: 2.61 2007 Romania: 1.45 Russia: 1.42 World: 2.6 2008 Romania: 1.6 Russia: 1.5 World: 2.6 2009 Romania: 1.66 Russia: 1.54 World: 2.59 2010 Romania: 1.59 Russia: 1.57 World: 2.57 2011 Romania: 1.47 Russia: 1.58 World: 2.55 2012 Romania: 1.52 Russia: 1.69 World: 2.56 2013 Romania: 1.46 Russia: 1.71 World: 2.53 2014 Romania: 1.56 Russia: 1.75 World: 2.52 2015 Romania: 1.62 Russia: 1.78 World: 2.49 2016 Romania: 1.69 Russia: 1.76 World: 2.49 2017 Romania: 1.78 Russia: 1.62 World: 2.46 2018 Romania: 1.76 Russia: 1.58 World: 2.39 2019 Romania: 1.77 Russia: 1.5 World: 2.35 2020 Romania: 1.8 Russia: 1.51 World: 2.28 2021 Romania: 1.81 Russia: 1.51 World: 2.25 2022 Romania: 1.71 Russia: 1.42 World: 2.22 2023 Romania: 1.54 Russia: 1.41 World: 2.2 2024 Romania: 1.39 Russia: 1.42 World: 2.19 1960 1980 1990 2000 2024

Unemployment rate (modelled ILO estimate)

% · 1991-2025

Romania Russia World

0 5 10 15 1991 Romania: 8.23 Russia: 5.11 World: 5.12 1992 Romania: 8.26 Russia: 5.18 World: 5.28 1993 Romania: 8.25 Russia: 5.88 World: 5.54 1994 Romania: 8.17 Russia: 8.13 World: 5.79 1995 Romania: 8.01 Russia: 9.45 World: 5.92 1996 Romania: 6.74 Russia: 9.67 World: 5.98 1997 Romania: 5.52 Russia: 11.81 World: 6.01 1998 Romania: 5.63 Russia: 13.26 World: 6.16 1999 Romania: 6.24 Russia: 13.04 World: 6.28 2000 Romania: 6.97 Russia: 10.58 World: 6.11 2001 Romania: 6.56 Russia: 8.98 World: 6.19 2002 Romania: 8.11 Russia: 7.88 World: 6.41 2003 Romania: 6.95 Russia: 8.21 World: 6.48 2004 Romania: 7.72 Russia: 7.76 World: 6.33 2005 Romania: 7.17 Russia: 7.12 World: 6.22 2006 Romania: 7.27 Russia: 7.06 World: 5.97 2007 Romania: 6.41 Russia: 6 World: 5.77 2008 Romania: 5.79 Russia: 6.21 World: 5.82 2009 Romania: 6.86 Russia: 8.3 World: 6.41 2010 Romania: 6.96 Russia: 7.41 World: 6.28 2011 Romania: 7.18 Russia: 6.57 World: 6.15 2012 Romania: 6.79 Russia: 5.48 World: 6.15 2013 Romania: 7.1 Russia: 5.51 World: 6.1 2014 Romania: 6.8 Russia: 5.21 World: 5.96 2015 Romania: 6.81 Russia: 5.62 World: 6 2016 Romania: 5.9 Russia: 5.59 World: 5.97 2017 Romania: 4.93 Russia: 5.24 World: 5.9 2018 Romania: 4.19 Russia: 4.87 World: 5.76 2019 Romania: 3.91 Russia: 4.51 World: 5.59 2020 Romania: 5.04 Russia: 5.62 World: 6.59 2021 Romania: 5.59 Russia: 4.75 World: 6.05 2022 Romania: 5.61 Russia: 3.87 World: 5.23 2023 Romania: 5.59 Russia: 3.08 World: 4.85 2024 Romania: 5.4 Russia: 2.43 World: 4.81 2025 Romania: 5.99 Russia: 2.13 World: 4.79 1991 2001 2006 2011 2016 2025

CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding land use)

t · 1970-2024

Romania Russia World

0 5 10 15 20 1970 Romania: 6.17 Russia: 9.98 World: 4.14 1971 Romania: 6.15 Russia: 9.93 World: 4.04 1972 Romania: 6.35 Russia: 10.39 World: 4.16 1973 Romania: 6.88 Russia: 10.96 World: 4.32 1974 Romania: 6.93 Russia: 11.46 World: 4.23 1975 Romania: 7.41 Russia: 12.03 World: 4.14 1976 Romania: 8.06 Russia: 12.39 World: 4.31 1977 Romania: 8.36 Russia: 12.58 World: 4.36 1978 Romania: 9 Russia: 13.34 World: 4.42 1979 Romania: 9.16 Russia: 13.43 World: 4.46 1980 Romania: 9.01 Russia: 13.78 World: 4.33 1981 Romania: 9 Russia: 13.65 World: 4.18 1982 Romania: 8.92 Russia: 13.76 World: 4.05 1983 Romania: 8.98 Russia: 13.91 World: 4.01 1984 Romania: 8.84 Russia: 14.05 World: 4.07 1985 Romania: 8.76 Russia: 14.21 World: 4.05 1986 Romania: 8.97 Russia: 14.57 World: 4.04 1987 Romania: 9.25 Russia: 14.9 World: 4.1 1988 Romania: 9.39 Russia: 15.15 World: 4.16 1989 Romania: 9.28 Russia: 15.14 World: 4.16 1990 Romania: 8.09 Russia: 16.46 World: 4.15 1991 Romania: 6.61 Russia: 16.13 World: 4.1 1992 Romania: 6.07 Russia: 14.85 World: 4.01 1993 Romania: 5.76 Russia: 13.56 World: 3.97 1994 Romania: 5.64 Russia: 12.23 World: 3.94 1995 Romania: 5.88 Russia: 11.92 World: 3.99 1996 Romania: 6.04 Russia: 11.66 World: 4.01 1997 Romania: 5.51 Russia: 10.87 World: 4.02 1998 Romania: 4.84 Russia: 10.92 World: 3.98 1999 Romania: 4.15 Russia: 11.28 World: 3.95 2000 Romania: 4.34 Russia: 11.47 World: 4.01 2001 Romania: 4.72 Russia: 11.54 World: 4.01 2002 Romania: 4.76 Russia: 11.53 World: 4.02 2003 Romania: 5 Russia: 12.01 World: 4.15 2004 Romania: 4.92 Russia: 12.07 World: 4.28 2005 Romania: 4.9 Russia: 12.12 World: 4.39 2006 Romania: 5.23 Russia: 12.42 World: 4.48 2007 Romania: 5.13 Russia: 12.46 World: 4.59 2008 Romania: 5.13 Russia: 12.36 World: 4.56 2009 Romania: 4.21 Russia: 11.64 World: 4.45 2010 Romania: 4.12 Russia: 12.23 World: 4.67 2011 Romania: 4.46 Russia: 12.81 World: 4.76 2012 Romania: 4.37 Russia: 12.69 World: 4.77 2013 Romania: 3.98 Russia: 12.27 World: 4.81 2014 Romania: 3.97 Russia: 12.13 World: 4.78 2015 Romania: 4.05 Russia: 12.15 World: 4.7 2016 Romania: 3.99 Russia: 11.96 World: 4.65 2017 Romania: 4.18 Russia: 12.14 World: 4.67 2018 Romania: 4.26 Russia: 12.59 World: 4.73 2019 Romania: 4.19 Russia: 12.77 World: 4.7 2020 Romania: 3.93 Russia: 12.28 World: 4.47 2021 Romania: 4.22 Russia: 13.39 World: 4.68 2022 Romania: 3.97 Russia: 13.14 World: 4.67 2023 Romania: 3.69 Russia: 13.55 World: 4.68 2024 Romania: 3.72 Russia: 13.98 World: 4.69 1970 1986 1994 2002 2010 2024

Individuals using the internet

% · 2005-2024

Romania Russia World

0 20 40 60 80 100 2005 Romania: 21.5 Russia: 15.23 World: 15.6 2006 Romania: 24.66 Russia: 18.02 World: 17.2 2007 Romania: 28.3 Russia: 24.66 World: 20.2 2008 Romania: 32.42 Russia: 32 World: 22.8 2009 Romania: 36.6 Russia: 42.55 World: 25.3 2010 Romania: 39.93 Russia: 49 World: 28.4 2011 Romania: 40.01 Russia: 58 World: 30.9 2012 Romania: 45.88 Russia: 66 World: 33.3 2013 Romania: 49.76 Russia: 67.97 World: 35.3 2014 Romania: 54.08 Russia: 70.52 World: 37.4 2015 Romania: 55.76 Russia: 70.1 World: 39.9 2016 Romania: 59.5 Russia: 73.09 World: 43.6 2017 Romania: 63.75 Russia: 76.01 World: 46.3 2018 Romania: 70.68 Russia: 80.86 World: 49.4 2019 Romania: 73.66 Russia: 82.64 World: 53.9 2020 Romania: 78.46 Russia: 84.99 World: 60.1 2021 Romania: 83.59 Russia: 88.21 World: 63.8 2022 Romania: 85.5 Russia: 90.42 World: 67 2023 Romania: 89.2 Russia: 92.25 World: 69.2 2024 Romania: 91.29 Russia: 94.37 World: 71.2 2005 2011 2014 2017 2024

Population

Indicator Romania Russia
Population 19 mn 2025
67th of 215		 143.5 mn 2025
9th of 215
Population density 82.8 /km² 2023
118th of 214		 8.8 /km² 2023
201st of 214
Population growth -0.17 % 2025
184th of 215		 -0.11 % 2025
176th of 215
Life expectancy 76.5 years 2024
92nd of 215		 73.4 years 2024
120th of 215
Fertility rate 1.39 2024
178th of 215		 1.42 2024
171st of 215
Birth rate 7.5 ‰ 2024
196th of 215		 8.4 ‰ 2024
180th of 215
Infant mortality 6.0 ‰ 2024
56th of 196		 4.1 ‰ 2024
43rd of 196
Urban population 52.2 % 2025
149th of 215		 75.3 % 2025
72nd of 215
Aged 65+ 20.1 % 2025
37th of 215		 17.8 % 2025
48th of 215
Living in cities 31.3 % 2025
135th of 215		 48.1 % 2025
63rd of 215
Living in towns 23.8 % 2025
159th of 215		 31.2 % 2025
107th of 215
Living in rural areas 44.9 % 2025
31st of 215		 20.8 % 2025
136th of 215

Human development

Indicator Romania Russia
Human Development Index 0.845 2023
56th of 193		 0.832 2023
64th of 193
Inequality-adjusted HDI 0.758 2023
46th of 169		 0.758 2023
47th of 169
Planetary-adjusted HDI 0.739 2023
38th of 156		 0.710 2023
58th of 156
Gender Inequality Index 0.227 2023
59th of 172		 0.169 2023
45th of 172

Economy

Indicator Romania Russia
GDP 428.7 bn US$ 2025
37th of 186		 2.6 tn US$ 2025
8th of 186
GDP per capita 22,538 US$ 2025
53rd of 186		 17,547 US$ 2025
63rd of 186
GDP per capita (PPP) 50,895 int. $ 2025
45th of 185		 49,568 int. $ 2025
47th of 185
GNI per capita 20,190 US$ 2025
51st of 182		 15,960 US$ 2025
60th of 182
GDP growth 0.7 % 2025
164th of 186		 1.0 % 2025
160th of 186
Inflation 7.2 % 2025
29th of 165		 8.7 % 2025
21st of 165
Trade 76.2 % 2025
75th of 138		 33.7 % 2025
129th of 138
Exports 35.5 % 2025
71st of 138		 18.2 % 2025
116th of 138
FDI inflows 2.2 % 2025
115th of 192		 0.9 % 2025
176th of 192
Manufacturing 11.8 % 2025
64th of 132		 13.7 % 2025
45th of 132
Agriculture 3.0 % 2025
110th of 158		 3.1 % 2025
109th of 158
Tax revenue 16.2 % 2024
53rd of 89		 10.9 % 2024
77th of 89
Military spending 2.3 % 2024
41st of 147		 7.1 % 2024
5th of 147
Government debt - 17.9 % 2024
3rd of 56

Labour

Indicator Romania Russia
Unemployment 6.0 % 2025
112th of 181		 2.1 % 2025
18th of 181
Youth unemployment 24.5 % 2025
150th of 181		 7.6 % 2025
46th of 181
Women in the labour force 41.8 % 2025
142nd of 181		 54.5 % 2025
85th of 181
Jobs in agriculture 10.9 % 2025
104th of 181		 5.1 % 2025
127th of 181
Weekly hours worked 38.5 h 2025
92nd of 181		 38.2 h 2025
100th of 181
Youth NEET rate 17.1 % 2025
87th of 181		 11.8 % 2025
49th of 181
Labour income share 44.6 % 2024
60th of 114		 48.3 % 2025
48th of 114
Output per hour 50.7 $ 2025
42nd of 181		 43.2 $ 2025
51st of 181

Health

Indicator Romania Russia
Health spending 5.7 % 2023
111th of 192		 7.0 % 2023
84th of 192
Health spending per person 1,051 US$ 2023
62nd of 191		 1,003 US$ 2023
64th of 191
Physicians 3.63 /1,000 2022
32nd of 125		 5.11 /1,000 2022
8th of 125
Under-5 mortality 7.3 ‰ 2024
56th of 196		 5.2 ‰ 2024
41st of 196
Maternal mortality 12 /100k 2023
53rd of 194		 9 /100k 2023
44th of 194
Tobacco use 29.7 % 2024
137th of 166		 27.0 % 2024
127th of 166
Safe drinking water 82.2 % 2024
69th of 147		 76.3 % 2024
79th of 147

Food

Indicator Romania Russia
Calories per person 3,649 kcal 2023
13th of 155		 3,528 kcal 2023
19th of 155
Protein supply 111.7 g 2022
34th of 174		 116.8 g 2022
21st of 174
Animal protein supply 62.1 g 2022
47th of 174		 68.3 g 2022
35th of 174
Fat supply 137.8 g 2022
32nd of 174		 124.0 g 2022
47th of 174
Food insecurity 15.2 % 2024
56th of 134		 2.6 % 2024
7th of 134
Severe food insecurity 5.3 % 2024
69th of 124		 0.6 % 2017
Cereal import dependency -138.1 % 2022
154th of 160		 -32.1 % 2022
141st of 160

Education

Indicator Romania Russia
Literacy 99.2 % 2021 99.9 % 2021
Secondary enrolment 81.6 % 2023 92.5 % 2023
Tertiary enrolment 55.2 % 2023
60th of 128		 60.4 % 2024
14th of 128
Education spending 3.3 % 2022 4.2 % 2023
48th of 121
Expected schooling 14.1 yrs 2023
85th of 195		 13.2 yrs 2023
104th of 195
Mean schooling 11.6 yrs 2023
55th of 193		 12.4 yrs 2023
35th of 193

Society

Indicator Romania Russia
Income inequality 29.8 2023
53rd of 93		 33.0 2023
48th of 93
Extreme poverty 0.7 % 2023
61st of 93		 0.1 % 2023
22nd of 93
Internet use 91.3 % 2024
48th of 182		 94.4 % 2024
32nd of 182
Mobile subscriptions 119.8 /100 2024
78th of 151		 186.1 /100 2024
6th of 151
Electricity access 100.0 % 2024
92nd of 213		 100.0 % 2024
93rd of 213
Women in parliament 22.4 % 2025
109th of 184		 16.4 % 2025
139th of 184

Refugees

Indicator Romania Russia
Refugees hosted 206,671 2025
34th of 177		 11,811 2025
90th of 177
Refugees hosted per 1,000 10.9 ‰ 2025
42nd of 177		 0.1 ‰ 2025
135th of 177
Asylum-seekers hosted 316 2025
121st of 177		 976 2025
102nd of 177
Refugees from the country 3,130 2025
86th of 199		 99,360 2025
26th of 199
Refugees from per 1,000 0.2 ‰ 2025
109th of 199		 0.7 ‰ 2025
69th of 199

Governance

Indicator Romania Russia
Control of corruption 48.4 /100 2024
92nd of 207		 29.8 /100 2024
160th of 207
Government effectiveness 59.5 /100 2024
69th of 205		 45.1 /100 2024
133rd of 205
Rule of law 63.4 /100 2024
78th of 207		 37.1 /100 2024
176th of 207
Regulatory quality 60.9 /100 2024
69th of 205		 38.0 /100 2024
180th of 205
Voice and accountability 63.6 /100 2024
72nd of 205		 32.0 /100 2024
181st of 205
Political stability 68.6 /100 2024
95th of 207		 50.5 /100 2024
171st of 207

Environment

Indicator Romania Russia
CO₂ per capita 3.72 t 2024
126th of 202		 13.98 t 2024
190th of 202
Fossil CO₂ emissions 68.6 Mt 2024
49th of 204		 1,780.5 Mt 2024
4th of 204
Share of global CO₂ 0.18 % 2024
49th of 204		 4.61 % 2024
4th of 204
Cumulative CO₂ 8.9 Gt 2024
28th of 204		 122.8 Gt 2024
3rd of 204
GHG per capita 5.35 t 2024
123rd of 202		 17.93 t 2024
189th of 202
Renewable energy 23.6 % 2021
97th of 211		 3.5 % 2021
172nd of 211
Forest area 30.1 % 2023
109th of 212		 49.8 % 2023
53rd of 212
PM2.5 exposure 16.0 µg/m³ 2023
92nd of 200		 11.6 µg/m³ 2023
59th of 200
Water stress 7.6 % 2022
74th of 176		 4.1 % 2022
48th of 176
Land area 230,080 km² 2023
81st of 214		 16.4 mn km² 2023
1st of 214

Energy

Indicator Romania Russia
Renewable electricity 47.1 % 2025
71st of 190		 17.4 % 2025
126th of 190
Wind and solar 21.9 % 2025
38th of 190		 0.6 % 2025
150th of 190
Nuclear power 20.5 % 2025
15th of 180		 18.3 % 2025
17th of 180
Low-carbon electricity 67.6 % 2025
57th of 190		 35.7 % 2025
95th of 190
Fossil electricity 32.4 % 2025
57th of 190		 64.3 % 2025
95th of 190
Coal power 15.1 % 2025
145th of 188		 18.4 % 2025
150th of 188
Carbon intensity of power 259 g/kWh 2025
58th of 190		 450 g/kWh 2025
93rd of 190
Electricity per capita 2.84 MWh 2025
91st of 191		 8.18 MWh 2025
26th of 191

Sources: World Bank (World Development Indicators, Worldwide Governance Indicators), ILO modelled estimates, FAO (FAOSTAT), UNDP (Human Development Report), UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics Database, Ember (electricity), the Global Carbon Project (CO₂) and the UN World Population Prospects and World Urbanization Prospects, under CC BY 4.0 and CC BY 3.0 IGO. Ranks are computed by StatsNode in the latest year for which at least half of the countries have a value. Sources and licences.