Poland vs Romania

Poland (Europe) and Romania (Europe) side by side. Each value is the latest available for that country, so the year may differ; the rank is among all countries of the world.

Over time

with the world for reference

GDP per capita

US$ · 1990-2025

Poland Romania World

0 10k 20k 30k 1990 Poland: 1,731.21 Romania: 1,648.49 World: 4,338.94 1991 Poland: 2,235.54 Romania: 1,254.31 World: 4,453.9 1992 Poland: 2,459.02 Romania: 1,102.1 World: 4,679.98 1993 Poland: 2,497.13 Romania: 1,158.06 World: 4,685.3 1994 Poland: 2,874.83 Romania: 1,323.03 World: 4,967.01 1995 Poland: 3,700.96 Romania: 1,650.05 World: 5,463.2 1996 Poland: 4,163.51 Romania: 1,633.01 World: 5,507.22 1997 Poland: 4,137.01 Romania: 1,577.34 World: 5,408.57 1998 Poland: 4,533.54 Romania: 1,852.56 World: 5,302.34 1999 Poland: 4,415.5 Romania: 1,599.91 World: 5,401.23 2000 Poland: 4,520.64 Romania: 1,659.93 World: 5,512.56 2001 Poland: 5,015.24 Romania: 1,825.19 World: 5,404.2 2002 Poland: 5,223.45 Romania: 2,119.86 World: 5,539.32 2003 Poland: 5,720.81 Romania: 2,679.41 World: 6,129.87 2004 Poland: 6,711.73 Romania: 3,494.99 World: 6,818 2005 Poland: 8,043.92 Romania: 4,618 World: 7,290.57 2006 Poland: 9,068.86 Romania: 5,757.53 World: 7,803.19 2007 Poland: 11,272.53 Romania: 8,360.34 World: 8,685.33 2008 Poland: 14,048.56 Romania: 10,435.16 World: 9,425.74 2009 Poland: 11,556.3 Romania: 8,548.45 World: 8,827.04 2010 Poland: 12,567.73 Romania: 8,399.54 World: 9,555.07 2011 Poland: 13,867.67 Romania: 9,560.68 World: 10,496.93 2012 Poland: 13,087.42 Romania: 8,929.95 World: 10,597.85 2013 Poland: 13,621.9 Romania: 9,497.67 World: 10,759.35 2014 Poland: 14,262.28 Romania: 10,031.77 World: 10,912.24 2015 Poland: 12,637.52 Romania: 8,977.02 World: 10,191.98 2016 Poland: 12,464.01 Romania: 9,404.54 World: 10,239.47 2017 Poland: 13,913.34 Romania: 10,727.98 World: 10,784.4 2018 Poland: 15,658.21 Romania: 12,416.13 World: 11,344.73 2019 Poland: 15,874.52 Romania: 12,909.61 World: 11,417.6 2020 Poland: 16,150.93 Romania: 13,009.15 World: 10,999.49 2021 Poland: 18,635.51 Romania: 14,908.04 World: 12,472.91 2022 Poland: 18,891.21 Romania: 15,503.47 World: 12,876.24 2023 Poland: 22,145.27 Romania: 18,244.42 World: 13,313.86 2024 Poland: 25,103.57 Romania: 20,080.21 World: 13,717.09 2025 Poland: 28,419.58 Romania: 22,537.95 World: 14,405.85 1990 2002 2008 2014 2025

Life expectancy at birth

years · 1960-2024

Poland Romania World

50 60 70 80 1960 Poland: 67.68 Romania: 65.86 World: 50.94 1961 Poland: 67.78 Romania: 65.88 World: 52.8 1962 Poland: 67.43 Romania: 65.26 World: 55.29 1963 Poland: 68.38 Romania: 67.07 World: 55.65 1964 Poland: 68.63 Romania: 67.85 World: 56.1 1965 Poland: 69.43 Romania: 67.71 World: 55.93 1966 Poland: 69.83 Romania: 68.9 World: 56.45 1967 Poland: 69.42 Romania: 67.52 World: 56.9 1968 Poland: 70.22 Romania: 67.56 World: 57.34 1969 Poland: 69.72 Romania: 66.69 World: 57.68 1970 Poland: 69.87 Romania: 67.48 World: 57.94 1971 Poland: 69.61 Romania: 68.5 World: 58.02 1972 Poland: 70.67 Romania: 68.47 World: 58.84 1973 Poland: 70.66 Romania: 69.01 World: 59.3 1974 Poland: 71.12 Romania: 69.5 World: 59.7 1975 Poland: 70.56 Romania: 69.61 World: 60.13 1976 Poland: 70.66 Romania: 69.7 World: 60.45 1977 Poland: 70.4 Romania: 69.74 World: 61.04 1978 Poland: 70.35 Romania: 69.48 World: 61.39 1979 Poland: 70.75 Romania: 69.15 World: 61.84 1980 Poland: 70.1 Romania: 69.09 World: 62.15 1981 Poland: 71.05 Romania: 69.37 World: 62.52 1982 Poland: 71.1 Romania: 69.53 World: 62.87 1983 Poland: 71 Romania: 69.73 World: 63.13 1984 Poland: 70.8 Romania: 69.66 World: 63.44 1985 Poland: 70.55 Romania: 69.71 World: 63.73 1986 Poland: 70.85 Romania: 69.5 World: 64.12 1987 Poland: 70.9 Romania: 69.23 World: 64.46 1988 Poland: 71.33 Romania: 69.39 World: 64.67 1989 Poland: 71.04 Romania: 69.53 World: 64.96 1990 Poland: 70.89 Romania: 69.74 World: 65.11 1991 Poland: 70.59 Romania: 69.78 World: 65.3 1992 Poland: 71.09 Romania: 69.78 World: 65.55 1993 Poland: 71.6 Romania: 69.56 World: 65.74 1994 Poland: 71.7 Romania: 69.51 World: 65.96 1995 Poland: 71.89 Romania: 69.46 World: 66.2 1996 Poland: 72.25 Romania: 69.1 World: 66.52 1997 Poland: 72.65 Romania: 69 World: 66.83 1998 Poland: 73 Romania: 69.81 World: 67.07 1999 Poland: 73.04 Romania: 70.51 World: 67.31 2000 Poland: 73.75 Romania: 71.16 World: 67.65 2001 Poland: 74.2 Romania: 71.16 World: 67.95 2002 Poland: 74.5 Romania: 71.01 World: 68.23 2003 Poland: 74.6 Romania: 71.31 World: 68.52 2004 Poland: 74.85 Romania: 71.56 World: 68.77 2005 Poland: 75 Romania: 71.91 World: 69.11 2006 Poland: 75.14 Romania: 72.16 World: 69.47 2007 Poland: 75.24 Romania: 72.57 World: 69.81 2008 Poland: 75.54 Romania: 72.57 World: 70 2009 Poland: 75.7 Romania: 73.31 World: 70.38 2010 Poland: 76.25 Romania: 73.46 World: 70.68 2011 Poland: 76.7 Romania: 74.41 World: 70.97 2012 Poland: 76.75 Romania: 74.41 World: 71.26 2013 Poland: 77 Romania: 75.06 World: 71.53 2014 Poland: 77.6 Romania: 74.91 World: 71.78 2015 Poland: 77.45 Romania: 74.91 World: 71.97 2016 Poland: 77.85 Romania: 75.21 World: 72.19 2017 Poland: 77.75 Romania: 75.21 World: 72.37 2018 Poland: 77.6 Romania: 75.36 World: 72.64 2019 Poland: 77.9 Romania: 75.61 World: 72.87 2020 Poland: 76.4 Romania: 74.25 World: 72.18 2021 Poland: 75.35 Romania: 72.81 World: 71.22 2022 Poland: 77.16 Romania: 75.15 World: 72.97 2023 Poland: 78.26 Romania: 76.4 World: 73.33 2024 Poland: 78.41 Romania: 76.46 World: 73.48 1960 1980 1990 2000 2024

Fertility rate

1960-2024

Poland Romania World

1 2 3 4 5 6 1960 Poland: 2.98 Romania: 2.34 World: 4.69 1961 Poland: 2.83 Romania: 2.17 World: 4.56 1962 Poland: 2.72 Romania: 2.04 World: 5.02 1963 Poland: 2.7 Romania: 2.01 World: 5.31 1964 Poland: 2.57 Romania: 1.96 World: 5.13 1965 Poland: 2.52 Romania: 1.91 World: 5.08 1966 Poland: 2.34 Romania: 1.9 World: 4.97 1967 Poland: 2.33 Romania: 3.66 World: 4.87 1968 Poland: 2.24 Romania: 3.63 World: 4.98 1969 Poland: 2.2 Romania: 3.19 World: 4.88 1970 Poland: 2.2 Romania: 2.89 World: 4.84 1971 Poland: 2.25 Romania: 2.67 World: 4.69 1972 Poland: 2.24 Romania: 2.55 World: 4.55 1973 Poland: 2.26 Romania: 2.44 World: 4.42 1974 Poland: 2.26 Romania: 2.71 World: 4.26 1975 Poland: 2.27 Romania: 2.59 World: 4.07 1976 Poland: 2.3 Romania: 2.54 World: 3.97 1977 Poland: 2.23 Romania: 2.57 World: 3.84 1978 Poland: 2.21 Romania: 2.52 World: 3.77 1979 Poland: 2.28 Romania: 2.49 World: 3.76 1980 Poland: 2.28 Romania: 2.43 World: 3.73 1981 Poland: 2.24 Romania: 2.36 World: 3.71 1982 Poland: 2.34 Romania: 2.17 World: 3.72 1983 Poland: 2.42 Romania: 2.06 World: 3.59 1984 Poland: 2.37 Romania: 2.26 World: 3.57 1985 Poland: 2.33 Romania: 2.31 World: 3.53 1986 Poland: 2.22 Romania: 2.39 World: 3.51 1987 Poland: 2.15 Romania: 2.38 World: 3.48 1988 Poland: 2.13 Romania: 2.3 World: 3.39 1989 Poland: 2.08 Romania: 2.22 World: 3.35 1990 Poland: 2.06 Romania: 1.83 World: 3.31 1991 Poland: 2.07 Romania: 1.59 World: 3.13 1992 Poland: 1.95 Romania: 1.51 World: 3.04 1993 Poland: 1.87 Romania: 1.43 World: 2.97 1994 Poland: 1.81 Romania: 1.4 World: 2.92 1995 Poland: 1.62 Romania: 1.33 World: 2.87 1996 Poland: 1.59 Romania: 1.3 World: 2.82 1997 Poland: 1.51 Romania: 1.32 World: 2.78 1998 Poland: 1.44 Romania: 1.32 World: 2.75 1999 Poland: 1.37 Romania: 1.3 World: 2.72 2000 Poland: 1.37 Romania: 1.31 World: 2.73 2001 Poland: 1.31 Romania: 1.27 World: 2.69 2002 Poland: 1.25 Romania: 1.27 World: 2.66 2003 Poland: 1.22 Romania: 1.3 World: 2.64 2004 Poland: 1.23 Romania: 1.33 World: 2.63 2005 Poland: 1.24 Romania: 1.4 World: 2.61 2006 Poland: 1.27 Romania: 1.42 World: 2.61 2007 Poland: 1.31 Romania: 1.45 World: 2.6 2008 Poland: 1.39 Romania: 1.6 World: 2.6 2009 Poland: 1.4 Romania: 1.66 World: 2.59 2010 Poland: 1.41 Romania: 1.59 World: 2.57 2011 Poland: 1.33 Romania: 1.47 World: 2.55 2012 Poland: 1.33 Romania: 1.52 World: 2.56 2013 Poland: 1.29 Romania: 1.46 World: 2.53 2014 Poland: 1.32 Romania: 1.56 World: 2.52 2015 Poland: 1.32 Romania: 1.62 World: 2.49 2016 Poland: 1.39 Romania: 1.69 World: 2.49 2017 Poland: 1.48 Romania: 1.78 World: 2.46 2018 Poland: 1.46 Romania: 1.76 World: 2.39 2019 Poland: 1.44 Romania: 1.77 World: 2.35 2020 Poland: 1.39 Romania: 1.8 World: 2.28 2021 Poland: 1.33 Romania: 1.81 World: 2.25 2022 Poland: 1.29 Romania: 1.71 World: 2.22 2023 Poland: 1.2 Romania: 1.54 World: 2.2 2024 Poland: 1.14 Romania: 1.39 World: 2.19 1960 1980 1990 2000 2024

Unemployment rate (modelled ILO estimate)

% · 1991-2025

Poland Romania World

0 5 10 15 20 25 1991 Poland: 13.62 Romania: 8.23 World: 5.12 1992 Poland: 13.65 Romania: 8.26 World: 5.28 1993 Poland: 14.39 Romania: 8.25 World: 5.54 1994 Poland: 14.83 Romania: 8.17 World: 5.79 1995 Poland: 13.7 Romania: 8.01 World: 5.92 1996 Poland: 12.68 Romania: 6.74 World: 5.98 1997 Poland: 10.96 Romania: 5.52 World: 6.01 1998 Poland: 9.94 Romania: 5.63 World: 6.16 1999 Poland: 12.29 Romania: 6.24 World: 6.28 2000 Poland: 14.93 Romania: 6.97 World: 6.11 2001 Poland: 18.44 Romania: 6.56 World: 6.19 2002 Poland: 20.21 Romania: 8.11 World: 6.41 2003 Poland: 19.9 Romania: 6.95 World: 6.48 2004 Poland: 18.82 Romania: 7.72 World: 6.33 2005 Poland: 17.59 Romania: 7.17 World: 6.22 2006 Poland: 13.79 Romania: 7.27 World: 5.97 2007 Poland: 9.55 Romania: 6.41 World: 5.77 2008 Poland: 7.07 Romania: 5.79 World: 5.82 2009 Poland: 8.13 Romania: 6.86 World: 6.41 2010 Poland: 9.58 Romania: 6.96 World: 6.28 2011 Poland: 9.58 Romania: 7.18 World: 6.15 2012 Poland: 10.03 Romania: 6.79 World: 6.15 2013 Poland: 10.29 Romania: 7.1 World: 6.1 2014 Poland: 8.97 Romania: 6.8 World: 5.96 2015 Poland: 7.48 Romania: 6.81 World: 6 2016 Poland: 6.14 Romania: 5.9 World: 5.97 2017 Poland: 4.87 Romania: 4.93 World: 5.9 2018 Poland: 3.84 Romania: 4.19 World: 5.76 2019 Poland: 3.27 Romania: 3.91 World: 5.59 2020 Poland: 3.16 Romania: 5.04 World: 6.59 2021 Poland: 3.27 Romania: 5.59 World: 6.05 2022 Poland: 2.81 Romania: 5.61 World: 5.23 2023 Poland: 2.74 Romania: 5.59 World: 4.85 2024 Poland: 2.81 Romania: 5.4 World: 4.81 2025 Poland: 2.98 Romania: 5.99 World: 4.79 1991 2001 2006 2011 2016 2025

CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding land use)

t · 1970-2024

Poland Romania World

3 5 8 10 13 15 1970 Poland: 9.46 Romania: 6.17 World: 4.14 1971 Poland: 9.69 Romania: 6.15 World: 4.04 1972 Poland: 10.01 Romania: 6.35 World: 4.16 1973 Poland: 10.45 Romania: 6.88 World: 4.32 1974 Poland: 10.74 Romania: 6.93 World: 4.23 1975 Poland: 11.08 Romania: 7.41 World: 4.14 1976 Poland: 11.69 Romania: 8.06 World: 4.31 1977 Poland: 12 Romania: 8.36 World: 4.36 1978 Poland: 12.7 Romania: 9 World: 4.42 1979 Poland: 12.62 Romania: 9.16 World: 4.46 1980 Poland: 12.83 Romania: 9.01 World: 4.33 1981 Poland: 11.67 Romania: 9 World: 4.18 1982 Poland: 11.74 Romania: 8.92 World: 4.05 1983 Poland: 11.74 Romania: 8.98 World: 4.01 1984 Poland: 12.04 Romania: 8.84 World: 4.07 1985 Poland: 12.22 Romania: 8.76 World: 4.05 1986 Poland: 12.34 Romania: 8.97 World: 4.04 1987 Poland: 12.7 Romania: 9.25 World: 4.1 1988 Poland: 12.37 Romania: 9.39 World: 4.16 1989 Poland: 11.78 Romania: 9.28 World: 4.16 1990 Poland: 9.75 Romania: 8.09 World: 4.15 1991 Poland: 9.65 Romania: 6.61 World: 4.1 1992 Poland: 9.39 Romania: 6.07 World: 4.01 1993 Poland: 9.38 Romania: 5.76 World: 3.97 1994 Poland: 9.2 Romania: 5.64 World: 3.94 1995 Poland: 9.24 Romania: 5.88 World: 3.99 1996 Poland: 9.64 Romania: 6.04 World: 4.01 1997 Poland: 9.38 Romania: 5.51 World: 4.02 1998 Poland: 8.64 Romania: 4.84 World: 3.98 1999 Poland: 8.4 Romania: 4.15 World: 3.95 2000 Poland: 8.18 Romania: 4.34 World: 4.01 2001 Poland: 8.1 Romania: 4.72 World: 4.01 2002 Poland: 7.91 Romania: 4.76 World: 4.02 2003 Poland: 8.25 Romania: 5 World: 4.15 2004 Poland: 8.32 Romania: 4.92 World: 4.28 2005 Poland: 8.31 Romania: 4.9 World: 4.39 2006 Poland: 8.67 Romania: 5.23 World: 4.48 2007 Poland: 8.66 Romania: 5.13 World: 4.59 2008 Poland: 8.51 Romania: 5.13 World: 4.56 2009 Poland: 8.16 Romania: 4.21 World: 4.45 2010 Poland: 8.66 Romania: 4.12 World: 4.67 2011 Poland: 8.59 Romania: 4.46 World: 4.76 2012 Poland: 8.4 Romania: 4.37 World: 4.77 2013 Poland: 8.28 Romania: 3.98 World: 4.81 2014 Poland: 7.96 Romania: 3.97 World: 4.78 2015 Poland: 8.05 Romania: 4.05 World: 4.7 2016 Poland: 8.34 Romania: 3.99 World: 4.65 2017 Poland: 8.7 Romania: 4.18 World: 4.67 2018 Poland: 8.68 Romania: 4.26 World: 4.73 2019 Poland: 8.22 Romania: 4.19 World: 4.7 2020 Poland: 7.91 Romania: 3.93 World: 4.47 2021 Poland: 8.76 Romania: 4.22 World: 4.68 2022 Poland: 8.36 Romania: 3.97 World: 4.67 2023 Poland: 7.65 Romania: 3.69 World: 4.68 2024 Poland: 7.55 Romania: 3.72 World: 4.69 1970 1986 1994 2002 2010 2024

Individuals using the internet

% · 2005-2024

Poland Romania World

0 20 40 60 80 100 2005 Poland: 38.81 Romania: 21.5 World: 15.6 2006 Poland: 44.58 Romania: 24.66 World: 17.2 2007 Poland: 48.6 Romania: 28.3 World: 20.2 2008 Poland: 53.13 Romania: 32.42 World: 22.8 2009 Poland: 58.97 Romania: 36.6 World: 25.3 2010 Poland: 62.32 Romania: 39.93 World: 28.4 2011 Poland: 61.95 Romania: 40.01 World: 30.9 2012 Poland: 62.31 Romania: 45.88 World: 33.3 2013 Poland: 62.85 Romania: 49.76 World: 35.3 2014 Poland: 66.6 Romania: 54.08 World: 37.4 2015 Poland: 68 Romania: 55.76 World: 39.9 2016 Poland: 73.3 Romania: 59.5 World: 43.6 2017 Poland: 75.99 Romania: 63.75 World: 46.3 2018 Poland: 77.54 Romania: 70.68 World: 49.4 2019 Poland: 80.44 Romania: 73.66 World: 53.9 2020 Poland: 83.18 Romania: 78.46 World: 60.1 2021 Poland: 85.37 Romania: 83.59 World: 63.8 2022 Poland: 86.94 Romania: 85.5 World: 67 2023 Poland: 86.41 Romania: 89.2 World: 69.2 2024 Poland: 88.59 Romania: 91.29 World: 71.2 2005 2011 2014 2017 2024

Population

Indicator Poland Romania
Population 36.4 mn 2025
44th of 215		 19 mn 2025
67th of 215
Population density 119.8 /km² 2023
88th of 214		 82.8 /km² 2023
118th of 214
Population growth -0.34 % 2025
191st of 215		 -0.17 % 2025
184th of 215
Life expectancy 78.4 years 2024
60th of 215		 76.5 years 2024
92nd of 215
Fertility rate 1.14 2024
203rd of 215		 1.39 2024
178th of 215
Birth rate 6.9 ‰ 2024
202nd of 215		 7.5 ‰ 2024
196th of 215
Infant mortality 3.6 ‰ 2024
36th of 196		 6.0 ‰ 2024
56th of 196
Urban population 60.1 % 2025
124th of 215		 52.2 % 2025
149th of 215
Aged 65+ 20.8 % 2025
31st of 215		 20.1 % 2025
37th of 215
Living in cities 28.9 % 2025
143rd of 215		 31.3 % 2025
135th of 215
Living in towns 31.5 % 2025
104th of 215		 23.8 % 2025
159th of 215
Living in rural areas 39.6 % 2025
45th of 215		 44.9 % 2025
31st of 215

Human development

Indicator Poland Romania
Human Development Index 0.906 2023
35th of 193		 0.845 2023
56th of 193
Inequality-adjusted HDI 0.817 2023
36th of 169		 0.758 2023
46th of 169
Planetary-adjusted HDI 0.792 2023
11th of 156		 0.739 2023
38th of 156
Gender Inequality Index 0.081 2023
29th of 172		 0.227 2023
59th of 172

Economy

Indicator Poland Romania
GDP 1 tn US$ 2025
21st of 186		 428.7 bn US$ 2025
37th of 186
GDP per capita 28,420 US$ 2025
44th of 186		 22,538 US$ 2025
53rd of 186
GDP per capita (PPP) 54,262 int. $ 2025
40th of 185		 50,895 int. $ 2025
45th of 185
GNI per capita 25,520 US$ 2025
42nd of 182		 20,190 US$ 2025
51st of 182
GDP growth 3.6 % 2025
86th of 186		 0.7 % 2025
164th of 186
Inflation 3.8 % 2025
59th of 165		 7.2 % 2025
29th of 165
Trade 97.0 % 2025
48th of 138		 76.2 % 2025
75th of 138
Exports 50.0 % 2025
37th of 138		 35.5 % 2025
71st of 138
FDI inflows 1.9 % 2025
105th of 192		 2.2 % 2025
115th of 192
Manufacturing 15.0 % 2025
34th of 132		 11.8 % 2025
64th of 132
Agriculture 2.5 % 2025
122nd of 158		 3.0 % 2025
110th of 158
Tax revenue 18.0 % 2023 16.2 % 2024
53rd of 89
Military spending 4.2 % 2024
14th of 147		 2.3 % 2024
41st of 147

Labour

Indicator Poland Romania
Unemployment 3.0 % 2025
39th of 181		 6.0 % 2025
112th of 181
Youth unemployment 10.7 % 2025
79th of 181		 24.5 % 2025
150th of 181
Women in the labour force 51.6 % 2025
106th of 181		 41.8 % 2025
142nd of 181
Jobs in agriculture 6.2 % 2025
122nd of 181		 10.9 % 2025
104th of 181
Weekly hours worked 36.3 h 2025
120th of 181		 38.5 h 2025
92nd of 181
Youth NEET rate 10.5 % 2025
38th of 181		 17.1 % 2025
87th of 181
Labour income share 47.5 % 2023 44.6 % 2024
60th of 114
Output per hour 48.8 $ 2025
44th of 181		 50.7 $ 2025
42nd of 181

Health

Indicator Poland Romania
Health spending 8.1 % 2024
80th of 192		 5.7 % 2023
111th of 192
Health spending per person 2,014 US$ 2024
49th of 191		 1,051 US$ 2023
62nd of 191
Physicians 4.03 /1,000 2023
39th of 125		 3.63 /1,000 2022
32nd of 125
Under-5 mortality 4.2 ‰ 2024
34th of 196		 7.3 ‰ 2024
56th of 196
Maternal mortality 2 /100k 2023
5th of 194		 12 /100k 2023
53rd of 194
Tobacco use 21.7 % 2024
98th of 166		 29.7 % 2024
137th of 166
Safe drinking water 88.7 % 2024
63rd of 147		 82.2 % 2024
69th of 147

Food

Indicator Poland Romania
Calories per person 3,730 kcal 2023
9th of 155		 3,649 kcal 2023
13th of 155
Protein supply 119.1 g 2022
19th of 174		 111.7 g 2022
34th of 174
Animal protein supply 73.2 g 2022
23rd of 174		 62.1 g 2022
47th of 174
Fat supply 139.2 g 2022
28th of 174		 137.8 g 2022
32nd of 174
Food insecurity 2.7 % 2024
8th of 134		 15.2 % 2024
56th of 134
Severe food insecurity 0.9 % 2022 5.3 % 2024
69th of 124
Cereal import dependency -31.2 % 2022
140th of 160		 -138.1 % 2022
154th of 160

Education

Indicator Poland Romania
Secondary enrolment 107.9 % 2024
19th of 108		 81.6 % 2023
Tertiary enrolment 80.9 % 2024
33rd of 128		 55.2 % 2023
60th of 128
Education spending 4.3 % 2022 3.3 % 2022
Expected schooling 16.7 yrs 2023
31st of 195		 14.1 yrs 2023
85th of 195
Mean schooling 13.2 yrs 2023
12th of 193		 11.6 yrs 2023
55th of 193
Literacy - 99.2 % 2021

Society

Indicator Poland Romania
Income inequality 28.5 2023
22nd of 93		 29.8 2023
53rd of 93
Extreme poverty 0.2 % 2023
27th of 93		 0.7 % 2023
61st of 93
Internet use 88.6 % 2024
66th of 182		 91.3 % 2024
48th of 182
Mobile subscriptions 138.0 /100 2024
38th of 151		 119.8 /100 2024
78th of 151
Electricity access 100.0 % 2024
86th of 213		 100.0 % 2024
92nd of 213
Women in parliament 31.3 % 2025
68th of 184		 22.4 % 2025
109th of 184

Refugees

Indicator Poland Romania
Refugees hosted 990,469 2025
8th of 177		 206,671 2025
34th of 177
Refugees hosted per 1,000 26.0 ‰ 2025
17th of 177		 10.9 ‰ 2025
42nd of 177
Asylum-seekers hosted 13,848 2025
50th of 177		 316 2025
121st of 177
Refugees from the country 1,368 2025
99th of 199		 3,130 2025
86th of 199
Refugees from per 1,000 0.0 ‰ 2025
139th of 199		 0.2 ‰ 2025
109th of 199

Governance

Indicator Poland Romania
Control of corruption 63.9 /100 2024
47th of 207		 48.4 /100 2024
92nd of 207
Government effectiveness 64.4 /100 2024
55th of 205		 59.5 /100 2024
69th of 205
Rule of law 66.9 /100 2024
66th of 207		 63.4 /100 2024
78th of 207
Regulatory quality 65.7 /100 2024
48th of 205		 60.9 /100 2024
69th of 205
Voice and accountability 70.0 /100 2024
55th of 205		 63.6 /100 2024
72nd of 205
Political stability 74.4 /100 2024
74th of 207		 68.6 /100 2024
95th of 207

Environment

Indicator Poland Romania
CO₂ per capita 7.55 t 2024
174th of 202		 3.72 t 2024
126th of 202
Fossil CO₂ emissions 272.9 Mt 2024
22nd of 204		 68.6 Mt 2024
49th of 204
Share of global CO₂ 0.71 % 2024
22nd of 204		 0.18 % 2024
49th of 204
Cumulative CO₂ 29.0 Gt 2024
11th of 204		 8.9 Gt 2024
28th of 204
GHG per capita 9.52 t 2024
170th of 202		 5.35 t 2024
123rd of 202
Renewable energy 15.2 % 2021
123rd of 211		 23.6 % 2021
97th of 211
Forest area 31.1 % 2023
107th of 212		 30.1 % 2023
109th of 212
PM2.5 exposure 16.5 µg/m³ 2023
94th of 200		 16.0 µg/m³ 2023
92nd of 200
Water stress 32.5 % 2022
127th of 176		 7.6 % 2022
74th of 176
Land area 306,270 km² 2023
70th of 214		 230,080 km² 2023
81st of 214

Energy

Indicator Poland Romania
Renewable electricity 31.2 % 2025
96th of 190		 47.1 % 2025
71st of 190
Wind and solar 25.2 % 2025
24th of 190		 21.9 % 2025
38th of 190
Nuclear power 0.0 % 2025
140th of 180		 20.5 % 2025
15th of 180
Low-carbon electricity 31.2 % 2025
106th of 190		 67.6 % 2025
57th of 190
Fossil electricity 68.8 % 2025
106th of 190		 32.4 % 2025
57th of 190
Coal power 50.6 % 2025
176th of 188		 15.1 % 2025
145th of 188
Carbon intensity of power 591 g/kWh 2025
147th of 190		 259 g/kWh 2025
58th of 190
Electricity per capita 4.55 MWh 2025
63rd of 191		 2.84 MWh 2025
91st of 191

Sources: World Bank (World Development Indicators, Worldwide Governance Indicators), ILO modelled estimates, FAO (FAOSTAT), UNDP (Human Development Report), UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics Database, Ember (electricity), the Global Carbon Project (CO₂) and the UN World Population Prospects and World Urbanization Prospects, under CC BY 4.0 and CC BY 3.0 IGO. Ranks are computed by StatsNode in the latest year for which at least half of the countries have a value. Sources and licences.