Country

Türkiye

Outside the European Union · world profile (World Bank data)

Map

12 regions

 

Boundaries: Natural Earth (unofficial boundaries), simplified · sources and licences

Over time

6 charts

GDP per capita

€/inh. · 1995-2024

Türkiye EU average

0 10k 20k 30k 40k 50k 1995 Türkiye: 3,010 EU average: 14,910 1996 Türkiye: 3,260 EU average: 15,600 1997 Türkiye: 3,790 EU average: 16,010 1998 Türkiye: 3,920 EU average: 16,670 1999 Türkiye: 3,790 EU average: 17,420 2000 Türkiye: 4,650 EU average: 18,420 2001 Türkiye: 3,450 EU average: 19,270 2002 Türkiye: 3,820 EU average: 19,930 2003 Türkiye: 4,180 EU average: 20,400 2004 Türkiye: 4,870 EU average: 21,250 2005 Türkiye: 5,950 EU average: 22,110 2006 Türkiye: 6,380 EU average: 23,320 2007 Türkiye: 7,120 EU average: 24,680 2008 Türkiye: 7,450 EU average: 25,390 2009 Türkiye: 6,500 EU average: 24,230 2010 Türkiye: 8,050 EU average: 25,090 2011 Türkiye: 8,150 EU average: 25,880 2012 Türkiye: 9,140 EU average: 25,980 2013 Türkiye: 9,480 EU average: 26,260 2014 Türkiye: 9,090 EU average: 26,860 2015 Türkiye: 9,700 EU average: 27,810 2016 Türkiye: 9,600 EU average: 28,510 2017 Türkiye: 9,170 EU average: 29,680 2018 Türkiye: 7,850 EU average: 30,680 2019 Türkiye: 8,030 EU average: 31,740 2020 Türkiye: 7,340 EU average: 30,560 2021 Türkiye: 8,050 EU average: 33,330 2022 Türkiye: 9,930 EU average: 36,180 2023 Türkiye: 11,860 EU average: 38,450 2024 Türkiye: 14,140 EU average: 40,110 1995 2005 2010 2015 2024

Real GDP growth

% · 1996-2025

Türkiye EU average

-10 -5 0 5 10 15 1996 Türkiye: 7.2 EU average: 1.8 1997 Türkiye: 7.4 EU average: 2.7 1998 Türkiye: 1.9 EU average: 3 1999 Türkiye: -3.1 EU average: 3 2000 Türkiye: 7 EU average: 3.9 2001 Türkiye: -5.5 EU average: 2.1 2002 Türkiye: 6.4 EU average: 1 2003 Türkiye: 5.8 EU average: 0.9 2004 Türkiye: 9.9 EU average: 2.5 2005 Türkiye: 9.1 EU average: 1.9 2006 Türkiye: 7.1 EU average: 3.5 2007 Türkiye: 5.1 EU average: 3.1 2008 Türkiye: 0.9 EU average: 0.6 2009 Türkiye: -4.9 EU average: -4.3 2010 Türkiye: 8.5 EU average: 2.1 2011 Türkiye: 11 EU average: 1.9 2012 Türkiye: 4.8 EU average: -0.8 2013 Türkiye: 8.5 EU average: 0 2014 Türkiye: 4.6 EU average: 1.6 2015 Türkiye: 5.8 EU average: 2.4 2016 Türkiye: 3.3 EU average: 1.9 2017 Türkiye: 7.8 EU average: 2.8 2018 Türkiye: 3.5 EU average: 2.1 2019 Türkiye: 1.3 EU average: 1.9 2020 Türkiye: 1.8 EU average: -5.5 2021 Türkiye: 11.8 EU average: 6.4 2022 Türkiye: 5.4 EU average: 3.6 2023 Türkiye: 5 EU average: 0.4 2024 Türkiye: 3.3 EU average: 1.3 2025 Türkiye: 3.6 EU average: 1.4 1996 2006 2011 2016 2025

HICP inflation rate

% · 1997-2025

Türkiye EU average

0 20 40 60 80 100 1997 Türkiye: 85.5 EU average: 0 1998 Türkiye: 82.1 EU average: 0 1999 Türkiye: 61.4 EU average: 0 2000 Türkiye: 53.2 EU average: 0 2001 Türkiye: 56.8 EU average: 3.6 2002 Türkiye: 47 EU average: 2.7 2003 Türkiye: 25.3 EU average: 2.3 2004 Türkiye: 10.1 EU average: 2.5 2005 Türkiye: 8.1 EU average: 2.3 2006 Türkiye: 9.3 EU average: 2.3 2007 Türkiye: 8.8 EU average: 2.4 2008 Türkiye: 10.4 EU average: 3.7 2009 Türkiye: 6.3 EU average: 0.8 2010 Türkiye: 8.6 EU average: 1.8 2011 Türkiye: 6.5 EU average: 2.9 2012 Türkiye: 9 EU average: 2.6 2013 Türkiye: 7.5 EU average: 1.3 2014 Türkiye: 8.9 EU average: 0.4 2015 Türkiye: 7.7 EU average: 0.1 2016 Türkiye: 7.7 EU average: 0.2 2017 Türkiye: 11.1 EU average: 1.6 2018 Türkiye: 16.3 EU average: 1.8 2019 Türkiye: 15.2 EU average: 1.4 2020 Türkiye: 12.3 EU average: 0.7 2021 Türkiye: 19.6 EU average: 2.9 2022 Türkiye: 72.3 EU average: 9.2 2023 Türkiye: 54 EU average: 6.4 2024 Türkiye: 58.5 EU average: 2.6 2025 Türkiye: 34.9 EU average: 2.5 1997 2007 2012 2017 2025

Annual change in house prices

% · 2011-2024

Türkiye EU average

-50 0 50 100 150 200 2011 Türkiye: 8.8 EU average: 0.6 2012 Türkiye: 10.9 EU average: -2.1 2013 Türkiye: 11.4 EU average: -1.7 2014 Türkiye: 12.5 EU average: 0.7 2015 Türkiye: 15.8 EU average: 2.3 2016 Türkiye: 12.8 EU average: 4.3 2017 Türkiye: 10.8 EU average: 4.8 2018 Türkiye: 7.8 EU average: 5 2019 Türkiye: 4.8 EU average: 4.9 2020 Türkiye: 23.7 EU average: 5.6 2021 Türkiye: 37.6 EU average: 8.4 2022 Türkiye: 150 EU average: 8 2023 Türkiye: 102.3 EU average: -0.3 2024 Türkiye: 41.5 EU average: 3.4 2011 2015 2017 2019 2021 2024

R&D expenditure

% of GDP · 1995-2024

Türkiye EU average

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 1995 Türkiye: 0.27 EU average: 1.73 1996 Türkiye: 0.33 EU average: 1.72 1997 Türkiye: 0.35 EU average: 1.72 1998 Türkiye: 0.36 EU average: 1.73 1999 Türkiye: 0.46 EU average: 1.78 2000 Türkiye: 0.46 EU average: 1.81 2001 Türkiye: 0.52 EU average: 1.82 2002 Türkiye: 0.51 EU average: 1.83 2003 Türkiye: 0.46 EU average: 1.82 2004 Türkiye: 0.5 EU average: 1.79 2005 Türkiye: 0.56 EU average: 1.78 2006 Türkiye: 0.55 EU average: 1.8 2007 Türkiye: 0.68 EU average: 1.79 2008 Türkiye: 0.68 EU average: 1.87 2009 Türkiye: 0.8 EU average: 1.96 2010 Türkiye: 0.79 EU average: 1.96 2011 Türkiye: 0.79 EU average: 2 2012 Türkiye: 0.82 EU average: 2.06 2013 Türkiye: 0.81 EU average: 2.08 2014 Türkiye: 0.85 EU average: 2.09 2015 Türkiye: 0.97 EU average: 2.1 2016 Türkiye: 1.12 EU average: 2.1 2017 Türkiye: 1.17 EU average: 2.14 2018 Türkiye: 1.26 EU average: 2.17 2019 Türkiye: 1.29 EU average: 2.21 2020 Türkiye: 1.34 EU average: 2.28 2021 Türkiye: 1.37 EU average: 2.24 2022 Türkiye: 1.3 EU average: 2.22 2023 Türkiye: 1.39 EU average: 2.26 2024 Türkiye: 1.46 EU average: 2.24 1995 2005 2010 2015 2024

Electricity price for households

€/kWh · 2007S2-2025S2

Türkiye EU average

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 2007S2 Türkiye: 0.09 EU average: 0.15 2008S1 Türkiye: 0.1 EU average: 0.16 2008S2 Türkiye: 0.12 EU average: 0.17 2009S1 Türkiye: 0.11 EU average: 0.17 2009S2 Türkiye: 0.12 EU average: 0.17 2010S1 Türkiye: 0.13 EU average: 0.17 2010S2 Türkiye: 0.14 EU average: 0.18 2011S1 Türkiye: 0.12 EU average: 0.19 2011S2 Türkiye: 0.11 EU average: 0.19 2012S1 Türkiye: 0.13 EU average: 0.19 2012S2 Türkiye: 0.15 EU average: 0.2 2013S1 Türkiye: 0.15 EU average: 0.2 2013S2 Türkiye: 0.13 EU average: 0.21 2014S1 Türkiye: 0.12 EU average: 0.21 2014S2 Türkiye: 0.13 EU average: 0.21 2015S1 Türkiye: 0.14 EU average: 0.21 2015S2 Türkiye: 0.12 EU average: 0.21 2016S1 Türkiye: 0.13 EU average: 0.21 2016S2 Türkiye: 0.12 EU average: 0.21 2017S1 Türkiye: 0.1 EU average: 0.21 2017S2 Türkiye: 0.1 EU average: 0.21 2018S1 Türkiye: 0.09 EU average: 0.21 2018S2 Türkiye: 0.09 EU average: 0.22 2019S1 Türkiye: 0.08 EU average: 0.22 2019S2 Türkiye: 0.1 EU average: 0.22 2020S1 Türkiye: 0.1 EU average: 0.21 2020S2 Türkiye: 0.08 EU average: 0.22 2021S1 Türkiye: 0.08 EU average: 0.22 2021S2 Türkiye: 0.08 EU average: 0.24 2022S1 Türkiye: 0.09 EU average: 0.25 2022S2 Türkiye: 0.09 EU average: 0.28 2023S1 Türkiye: 0.08 EU average: 0.29 2023S2 Türkiye: 0.06 EU average: 0.28 2024S1 Türkiye: 0.05 EU average: 0.29 2024S2 Türkiye: 0.06 EU average: 0.29 2025S1 Türkiye: 0.06 EU average: 0.29 2025S2 Türkiye: 0.06 EU average: 0.29 2007S2 2013S2 2016S2 2019S2 2025S2

Economy

8 indicators
GDP per capita
14,140 €/inh.
+2,280 vs 2023
EU average 40,110 €/inh.
2024 · country ranking
GDP growth
3.6 %
+0.3 vs 2024
EU average 1.4 %
2025 · country ranking
Inflation
34.9 %
−23.6 vs 2024
EU average 2.5 %
2025 · country ranking
House prices
41.5 %
−60.8 vs 2023
EU average 3.4 %
2024 · country ranking
R&D
1.46 % of GDP
+0.07 vs 2023
EU average 2.24 % of GDP
2024 · country ranking
Electricity price
0.0636 €/kWh
+0.0019 vs 2025S1
EU average 0.2896 €/kWh
2025S2 · country ranking
Gas price
0.0232 €/kWh
+0.0023 vs 2025S1
EU average 0.1228 €/kWh
2025S2 · country ranking
Price level
46.8
+8.2 vs 2023
EU average 100.0
2024 · country ranking

Labour

7 indicators
Employment
58.1 %
−0.4 vs 2024
EU average 76.1 %
2025 · country ranking
Unemployment
8.4 %
−0.4 vs 2024
EU average 6.0 %
2025 · country ranking
Minimum wage
621 €
−33 vs 2026S1
2026S2 · country ranking
Gender pay gap
-1.3 %
EU average 15.7 %
2014 · country ranking
Long-term unemployment
1.5 %
−0.2 vs 2024
EU average 1.9 %
2025 · country ranking
NEET rate
26.3 %
+0.4 vs 2024
EU average 11.0 %
2025 · country ranking
Working hours
44.1 h
−0.3 vs 2024
EU average 37.3 h
2025 · country ranking

Population

5 indicators
Infant mortality
9.0 ‰
−1.0 vs 2023
EU average 3.5 ‰
2024 · country ranking
Obesity
21.1 %
+1.2 vs 2014
EU average 16.0 %
2019 · country ranking
Population
85.7 mn
2025 · country ranking
Life expectancy
78.7 years
+1.6 vs 2023
EU average 80.8 years
2024 · country ranking
Fertility
1.48
−0.03 vs 2023
EU average 1.34
2024 · country ranking

Environment

5 indicators
Emissions
6.1 t/inh.
+0.4 vs 2023
2024 · country ranking
Energy imports
68.1 %
−1.9 vs 2023
EU average 57.3 %
2024 · country ranking
Municipal waste
402 kg
+22 vs 2023
EU average 517 kg
2024 · country ranking
Organic farming
0.6 %
−0.3 vs 2023
2024 · country ranking
Recycling
12.3 %
0 vs 2020
EU average 49.7 %
2021 · country ranking

Society

15 indicators
Tertiary educated
26.8 %
+1.2 vs 2024
EU average 36.9 %
2025 · country ranking
Adult learning
7.5 %
−0.5 vs 2024
EU average 13.7 %
2025 · country ranking
Poverty risk
29.8 %
−0.6 vs 2024
EU average 20.9 %
2025 · country ranking
Income inequality
45.6
−0.8 vs 2024
EU average 28.6
2025 · country ranking
Internet use
89.8 %
+2.5 vs 2024
EU average 93.8 %
2025 · country ranking
Housing overcrowding
37.8 %
−0.4 vs 2024
EU average 16.8 %
2025 · country ranking
Passenger cars
203 per 1,000
+14 vs 2024
EU average 584 per 1,000
2025 · country ranking
Early leavers
17.9 %
−0.8 vs 2024
EU average 9.1 %
2025 · country ranking
Unable to keep warm
19.5 %
+4.4 vs 2024
EU average 8.8 %
2025 · country ranking
Burglaries
60 per 100k
−47 vs 2023
2024 · country ranking
Housing overburden
10.0 %
−4.8 vs 2024
EU average 7.7 %
2025 · country ranking
Home ownership
56.9 %
+1.1 vs 2024
EU average 68.5 %
2025 · country ranking
Travel by car
73.8 %
−0.3 vs 2023
EU average 82.5 %
2024 · country ranking
Life satisfaction
5.7 /10
−0.1 vs 2024
EU average 7.2 /10
2025 · country ranking
Digital skills
31.5 %
−1.6 vs 2023
EU average 60.4 %
2025 · country ranking

Regions

NUTS

NUTS 1 12

NUTS 2 26

NUTS 3 81

Where the data comes from

© European Union, source: Eurostat - datasets, licence and methods.

Ranks are among EU member states. Where less is better (unemployment, debt), the lowest value ranks first.