Country

Netherlands

EU member state, founding member of the European Economic Community (1958) · world profile (World Bank data)

Best rank in the EU 1st long-term unemployment, of 27

Where it stands out

rank among EU countries

Best ranks

  1. Long-term unemployment 1st of 27
  2. NEET rate 1st of 27
  3. Digital skills 1st of 27

Lowest ranks

  1. Gas price 22nd of 23
  2. Travel by car 23rd of 27
  3. Healthy life expectancy 22nd of 26

Map

4 regions

 

Boundaries: CBS, Kadaster, simplified · sources and licences

Over time

6 charts

GDP per capita

€/inh. · 1995-2025

Netherlands EU average

0 20k 40k 60k 80k 1995 Netherlands: 22,410 EU average: 14,910 1996 Netherlands: 22,900 EU average: 15,600 1997 Netherlands: 23,600 EU average: 16,010 1998 Netherlands: 24,960 EU average: 16,670 1999 Netherlands: 26,570 EU average: 17,420 2000 Netherlands: 28,390 EU average: 18,420 2001 Netherlands: 30,100 EU average: 19,270 2002 Netherlands: 31,140 EU average: 19,930 2003 Netherlands: 31,740 EU average: 20,400 2004 Netherlands: 32,650 EU average: 21,250 2005 Netherlands: 33,890 EU average: 22,110 2006 Netherlands: 35,940 EU average: 23,320 2007 Netherlands: 38,020 EU average: 24,680 2008 Netherlands: 39,600 EU average: 25,390 2009 Netherlands: 38,120 EU average: 24,230 2010 Netherlands: 38,700 EU average: 25,090 2011 Netherlands: 39,300 EU average: 25,880 2012 Netherlands: 39,290 EU average: 25,980 2013 Netherlands: 39,610 EU average: 26,260 2014 Netherlands: 40,240 EU average: 26,860 2015 Netherlands: 41,270 EU average: 27,810 2016 Netherlands: 42,290 EU average: 28,510 2017 Netherlands: 43,830 EU average: 29,680 2018 Netherlands: 45,690 EU average: 30,680 2019 Netherlands: 47,840 EU average: 31,740 2020 Netherlands: 46,810 EU average: 30,560 2021 Netherlands: 50,850 EU average: 33,330 2022 Netherlands: 56,140 EU average: 36,180 2023 Netherlands: 58,740 EU average: 38,450 2024 Netherlands: 61,980 EU average: 40,110 2025 Netherlands: 64,710 EU average: 41,700 1995 2005 2010 2015 2025

Real GDP growth

% · 1996-2025

Netherlands EU average

-10 -5 0 5 10 1996 Netherlands: 3.4 EU average: 1.8 1997 Netherlands: 4.2 EU average: 2.7 1998 Netherlands: 4.6 EU average: 3 1999 Netherlands: 5 EU average: 3 2000 Netherlands: 4.2 EU average: 3.9 2001 Netherlands: 2.3 EU average: 2.1 2002 Netherlands: 0.2 EU average: 1 2003 Netherlands: 0.1 EU average: 0.9 2004 Netherlands: 2 EU average: 2.5 2005 Netherlands: 2 EU average: 1.9 2006 Netherlands: 3.5 EU average: 3.5 2007 Netherlands: 3.9 EU average: 3.1 2008 Netherlands: 2.1 EU average: 0.6 2009 Netherlands: -3.7 EU average: -4.3 2010 Netherlands: 1.3 EU average: 2.1 2011 Netherlands: 1.8 EU average: 1.9 2012 Netherlands: -1 EU average: -0.8 2013 Netherlands: 0 EU average: 0 2014 Netherlands: 1.6 EU average: 1.6 2015 Netherlands: 2.1 EU average: 2.4 2016 Netherlands: 2.4 EU average: 1.9 2017 Netherlands: 2.8 EU average: 2.8 2018 Netherlands: 2.3 EU average: 2.1 2019 Netherlands: 2.3 EU average: 1.9 2020 Netherlands: -3.9 EU average: -5.5 2021 Netherlands: 6.3 EU average: 6.4 2022 Netherlands: 5 EU average: 3.6 2023 Netherlands: -0.6 EU average: 0.4 2024 Netherlands: 1.1 EU average: 1.3 2025 Netherlands: 1.6 EU average: 1.4 1996 2006 2011 2016 2025

HICP inflation rate

% · 1997-2025

Netherlands EU average

0 3 5 8 10 13 1997 Netherlands: 1.9 EU average: 0 1998 Netherlands: 1.8 EU average: 0 1999 Netherlands: 2 EU average: 0 2000 Netherlands: 2.3 EU average: 0 2001 Netherlands: 5.1 EU average: 3.6 2002 Netherlands: 3.9 EU average: 2.7 2003 Netherlands: 2.2 EU average: 2.3 2004 Netherlands: 1.4 EU average: 2.5 2005 Netherlands: 1.5 EU average: 2.3 2006 Netherlands: 1.6 EU average: 2.3 2007 Netherlands: 1.6 EU average: 2.4 2008 Netherlands: 2.2 EU average: 3.7 2009 Netherlands: 1 EU average: 0.8 2010 Netherlands: 0.9 EU average: 1.8 2011 Netherlands: 2.5 EU average: 2.9 2012 Netherlands: 2.8 EU average: 2.6 2013 Netherlands: 2.6 EU average: 1.3 2014 Netherlands: 0.3 EU average: 0.4 2015 Netherlands: 0.2 EU average: 0.1 2016 Netherlands: 0.1 EU average: 0.2 2017 Netherlands: 1.3 EU average: 1.6 2018 Netherlands: 1.6 EU average: 1.8 2019 Netherlands: 2.7 EU average: 1.4 2020 Netherlands: 1.1 EU average: 0.7 2021 Netherlands: 2.8 EU average: 2.9 2022 Netherlands: 11.6 EU average: 9.2 2023 Netherlands: 4.1 EU average: 6.4 2024 Netherlands: 3.2 EU average: 2.6 2025 Netherlands: 3 EU average: 2.5 1997 2007 2012 2017 2025

Annual change in house prices

% · 2006-2025

Netherlands EU average

-10 -5 0 5 10 15 2006 Netherlands: 4.3 EU average: 9.9 2007 Netherlands: 4.8 EU average: 8.5 2008 Netherlands: 2.2 EU average: 1.3 2009 Netherlands: -4.4 EU average: -3.7 2010 Netherlands: -1.7 EU average: 0.5 2011 Netherlands: -2 EU average: 0.6 2012 Netherlands: -6.7 EU average: -2.1 2013 Netherlands: -6 EU average: -1.7 2014 Netherlands: 0.8 EU average: 0.7 2015 Netherlands: 3.5 EU average: 2.3 2016 Netherlands: 5.3 EU average: 4.3 2017 Netherlands: 8.1 EU average: 4.8 2018 Netherlands: 9.3 EU average: 5 2019 Netherlands: 7.2 EU average: 4.9 2020 Netherlands: 8 EU average: 5.6 2021 Netherlands: 14.5 EU average: 8.4 2022 Netherlands: 13.3 EU average: 8 2023 Netherlands: -1.9 EU average: -0.3 2024 Netherlands: 8.2 EU average: 3.4 2025 Netherlands: 8.5 EU average: 5.5 2006 2012 2015 2018 2025

R&D expenditure

% of GDP · 1995-2024

Netherlands EU average

1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 1995 Netherlands: 1.82 EU average: 1.73 1996 Netherlands: 1.84 EU average: 1.72 1997 Netherlands: 1.84 EU average: 1.72 1998 Netherlands: 1.74 EU average: 1.73 1999 Netherlands: 1.82 EU average: 1.78 2000 Netherlands: 1.79 EU average: 1.81 2001 Netherlands: 1.79 EU average: 1.82 2002 Netherlands: 1.74 EU average: 1.83 2003 Netherlands: 1.78 EU average: 1.82 2004 Netherlands: 1.78 EU average: 1.79 2005 Netherlands: 1.77 EU average: 1.78 2006 Netherlands: 1.73 EU average: 1.8 2007 Netherlands: 1.66 EU average: 1.79 2008 Netherlands: 1.61 EU average: 1.87 2009 Netherlands: 1.65 EU average: 1.96 2010 Netherlands: 1.69 EU average: 1.96 2011 Netherlands: 1.87 EU average: 2 2012 Netherlands: 1.9 EU average: 2.06 2013 Netherlands: 2.14 EU average: 2.08 2014 Netherlands: 2.15 EU average: 2.09 2015 Netherlands: 2.12 EU average: 2.1 2016 Netherlands: 2.12 EU average: 2.1 2017 Netherlands: 2.14 EU average: 2.14 2018 Netherlands: 2.1 EU average: 2.17 2019 Netherlands: 2.14 EU average: 2.21 2020 Netherlands: 2.27 EU average: 2.28 2021 Netherlands: 2.22 EU average: 2.24 2022 Netherlands: 2.18 EU average: 2.22 2023 Netherlands: 2.3 EU average: 2.26 2024 Netherlands: 2.29 EU average: 2.24 1995 2005 2010 2015 2024

Electricity price for households

€/kWh · 2007S1-2025S2

Netherlands EU average

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 2007S1 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.18 2007S2 Netherlands: 0.17 EU average: 0.15 2008S1 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.16 2008S2 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.17 2009S1 Netherlands: 0.2 EU average: 0.17 2009S2 Netherlands: 0.19 EU average: 0.17 2010S1 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.17 2010S2 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.18 2011S1 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.19 2011S2 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.19 2012S1 Netherlands: 0.19 EU average: 0.19 2012S2 Netherlands: 0.19 EU average: 0.2 2013S1 Netherlands: 0.19 EU average: 0.2 2013S2 Netherlands: 0.19 EU average: 0.21 2014S1 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.21 2014S2 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.21 2015S1 Netherlands: 0.2 EU average: 0.21 2015S2 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.21 2016S1 Netherlands: 0.16 EU average: 0.21 2016S2 Netherlands: 0.16 EU average: 0.21 2017S1 Netherlands: 0.16 EU average: 0.21 2017S2 Netherlands: 0.16 EU average: 0.21 2018S1 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.21 2018S2 Netherlands: 0.18 EU average: 0.22 2019S1 Netherlands: 0.21 EU average: 0.22 2019S2 Netherlands: 0.21 EU average: 0.22 2020S1 Netherlands: 0.14 EU average: 0.21 2020S2 Netherlands: 0.14 EU average: 0.22 2021S1 Netherlands: 0.13 EU average: 0.22 2021S2 Netherlands: 0.14 EU average: 0.24 2022S1 Netherlands: 0.03 EU average: 0.25 2022S2 Netherlands: 0.14 EU average: 0.28 2023S1 Netherlands: 0.36 EU average: 0.29 2023S2 Netherlands: 0.25 EU average: 0.28 2024S1 Netherlands: 0.25 EU average: 0.29 2024S2 Netherlands: 0.22 EU average: 0.29 2025S1 Netherlands: 0.24 EU average: 0.29 2025S2 Netherlands: 0.26 EU average: 0.29 2007S1 2013S1 2016S1 2019S1 2025S2

Economy

11 indicators
GDP per capita
64,710 €/inh.
+2,730 vs 2024
4th of 27 EU countries
EU average 41,700 €/inh.
2025 · country ranking
GDP growth
1.6 %
+0.5 vs 2024
14th of 27 EU countries
EU average 1.4 %
2025 · country ranking
Inflation
3.0 %
−0.2 vs 2024
17th of 27 EU countries
EU average 2.5 %
2025 · country ranking
House prices
8.5 %
+0.3 vs 2024
9th of 26 EU countries
EU average 5.5 %
2025 · country ranking
R&D
2.29 % of GDP
−0.01 vs 2023
7th of 27 EU countries
EU average 2.24 % of GDP
2024 · country ranking
Electricity price
0.2558 €/kWh
+0.0165 vs 2025S1
13th of 27 EU countries
EU average 0.2896 €/kWh
2025S2 · country ranking
Tax-to-GDP ratio
39.4 % of GDP
−0.3 vs 2023
11th of 27 EU countries
EU average 40.3 % of GDP
2024 · country ranking
Gas price
0.1719 €/kWh
+0.0103 vs 2025S1
22nd of 23 EU countries
EU average 0.1228 €/kWh
2025S2 · country ranking
Government debt
44.4 %
+0.6 vs 2024
9th of 27 EU countries
EU average 81.7 %
2025 · country ranking
Price level
121.0
−0.1 vs 2023
6th of 27 EU countries
EU average 100.0
2024 · country ranking
Budget balance
-1.6 %
−0.9 vs 2024
7th of 27 EU countries
EU average -3.1 %
2025 · country ranking

Labour

7 indicators
Employment
83.4 %
−0.1 vs 2024
2nd of 27 EU countries
EU average 76.1 %
2025 · country ranking
Unemployment
3.9 %
+0.2 vs 2024
7th of 27 EU countries
EU average 6.0 %
2025 · country ranking
Minimum wage
2,338 €
+43 vs 2026S1
4th of 22 EU countries
2026S2 · country ranking
Gender pay gap
11.2 %
−1.3 vs 2023
14th of 27 EU countries
EU average 11.1 %
2024 · country ranking
Long-term unemployment
0.5 %
0 vs 2024
1st of 27 EU countries
EU average 1.9 %
2025 · country ranking
NEET rate
5.3 %
+0.4 vs 2024
1st of 27 EU countries
EU average 11.0 %
2025 · country ranking
Working hours
33.0 h
−0.1 vs 2024
27th of 27 EU countries
EU average 37.3 h
2025 · country ranking

Population

7 indicators
Healthy life expectancy
59.5 years
+0.5 vs 2023
22nd of 26 EU countries
EU average 65.2 years
2024 · country ranking
Doctors
396 per 100k
+1 vs 2023
16th of 26 EU countries
2024 · country ranking
Infant mortality
3.3 ‰
−0.3 vs 2023
16th of 27 EU countries
EU average 3.5 ‰
2024 · country ranking
Obesity
14.1 %
+1.2 vs 2014
4th of 26 EU countries
EU average 16.0 %
2019 · country ranking
Population
18.1 mn
7th of 27 EU countries
2026 · country ranking
Life expectancy
81.2 years
+0.1 vs 2023
16th of 27 EU countries
EU average 80.8 years
2024 · country ranking
Fertility
1.43
0 vs 2023
9th of 27 EU countries
EU average 1.34
2024 · country ranking

Environment

8 indicators
Emissions
8.0 t/inh.
−0.2 vs 2023
18th of 27 EU countries
2024 · country ranking
Energy imports
70.6 %
+0.2 vs 2023
20th of 27 EU countries
EU average 57.3 %
2024 · country ranking
Municipal waste
473 kg
+8 vs 2023
9th of 20 EU countries
EU average 517 kg
2024 · country ranking
Renewable electricity
54.7 %
+4.2 vs 2024
12th of 27 EU countries
EU average 49.9 %
2025 · country ranking
Organic farming
5.1 %
+0.2 vs 2023
21st of 25 EU countries
2024 · country ranking
Air pollution deaths
22 per 100k
−7 vs 2022
9th of 27 EU countries
EU average 41 per 100k
2023 · country ranking
Renewables
22.7 %
+2.5 vs 2024
16th of 27 EU countries
EU average 26.2 %
2025 · country ranking
Recycling
58.0 %
+0.1 vs 2023
3rd of 20 EU countries
EU average 48.1 %
2024 · country ranking

Society

19 indicators
Health spending
10.2 %
+0.1 vs 2024
7th of 25 EU countries (2024)
2025 · country ranking
Tertiary educated
46.1 %
+1.5 vs 2024
8th of 27 EU countries
EU average 36.9 %
2025 · country ranking
Adult learning
25.9 %
−0.6 vs 2024
4th of 27 EU countries
EU average 13.7 %
2025 · country ranking
Poverty risk
15.8 %
+0.4 vs 2024
4th of 27 EU countries
EU average 20.9 %
2025 · country ranking
Income inequality
23.1
−1.7 vs 2024
3rd of 27 EU countries
EU average 28.6
2025 · country ranking
Internet use
99.7 %
+0.2 vs 2024
2nd of 27 EU countries
EU average 93.8 %
2025 · country ranking
Road deaths
3 per mn
0 vs 2023
5th of 27 EU countries
EU average 4 per mn
2024 · country ranking
Housing overcrowding
4.1 %
−0.5 vs 2024
2nd of 27 EU countries
EU average 16.8 %
2025 · country ranking
Passenger cars
519 per 1,000
+6 vs 2024
18th of 27 EU countries
EU average 584 per 1,000
2025 · country ranking
Early leavers
7.4 %
+0.4 vs 2024
13th of 26 EU countries
EU average 9.1 %
2025 · country ranking
Unable to keep warm
6.6 %
−0.5 vs 2024
16th of 27 EU countries
EU average 8.8 %
2025 · country ranking
Burglaries
184 per 100k
−14 vs 2023
13th of 24 EU countries
2024 · country ranking
Housing overburden
6.5 %
−0.4 vs 2024
17th of 27 EU countries
EU average 7.7 %
2025 · country ranking
Home ownership
68.8 %
0 vs 2024
20th of 27 EU countries
EU average 68.5 %
2025 · country ranking
Travel by car
86.0 %
+0.7 vs 2023
23rd of 27 EU countries
EU average 82.5 %
2024 · country ranking
Health expenditure
7.3 % of GDP
+0.2 vs 2023
11th of 27 EU countries
EU average 7.3 % of GDP
2024 · country ranking
Education spending
5.1 % of GDP
0 vs 2023
12th of 27 EU countries
EU average 4.7 % of GDP
2024 · country ranking
Life satisfaction
7.6 /10
0 vs 2024
8th of 27 EU countries
EU average 7.2 /10
2025 · country ranking
Digital skills
83.6 %
+0.9 vs 2023
1st of 27 EU countries
EU average 60.4 %
2025 · country ranking

Regions

NUTS

NUTS 1 4

NUTS 2 12

NUTS 3 40

Where the data comes from

© European Union, source: Eurostat - datasets, licence and methods.

Ranks are among EU member states. Where less is better (unemployment, debt), the lowest value ranks first.