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Government debt to GDP

27 European countries compared for 2025, eu average 81.7 %. Eurostat data.

First in the ranking

24.1 %

Estonia

EU average

81.7 %

27 member states

Median country

59.3 %

half above, half below

Range

24.1 to 146.1

Estonia - Greece

How to read it

Across 27 countries, the highest value is in Greece (146.1 %) and the lowest in Estonia (24.1 %).

Half of the countries are above 59.3 % and half below.

The EU average is 81.7 %; 7 of 27 countries are above it.

For the EU as a whole, the value rose from 65.0 % in 2006 to 81.7 % in 2025.

Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data
Percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) · General government · Government consolidated gross debt

Eurostat methods can differ from the World Bank data used elsewhere on the site - source and licence.

Government debt over time

Add to chart: European Union Euro area

Ranking of countries

2025

In chart
Estonia in chart	1	Estonia	24.1	−57.6
Luxembourg in chart	2	Luxembourg	26.5	−55.2
Denmark in chart	3	Denmark	27.9	−53.8
Bulgaria in chart	4	Bulgaria	29.9	−51.8
Ireland in chart	5	Ireland	32.9	−48.8
Sweden in chart	6	Sweden	35.1	−46.6
Lithuania in chart	7	Lithuania	39.5	−42.2
Czechia in chart	8	Czechia	44.3	−37.4
Netherlands in chart	9	Netherlands	44.4	−37.3
Malta in chart	10	Malta	46.4	−35.3
Latvia in chart	11	Latvia	46.9	−34.8
Cyprus in chart	12	Cyprus	55.0	−26.7
Croatia in chart	13	Croatia	56.3	−25.4
Romania in chart	14	Romania	59.3	−22.4
Poland in chart	15	Poland	59.7	−22.0
Slovakia in chart	16	Slovakia	61.4	−20.3
Germany in chart	17	Germany	63.5	−18.2
Slovenia in chart	18	Slovenia	65.7	−16.0
Hungary in chart	19	Hungary	74.6	−7.1
Austria in chart	20	Austria	81.5	−0.2
Finland in chart	21	Finland	88.5	+6.8
Portugal in chart	22	Portugal	89.7	+8.0
Spain in chart	23	Spain	100.7	+19.0
Belgium in chart	24	Belgium	107.9	+26.2
France in chart	25	France	115.6	+33.9
Italy in chart	26	Italy	137.1	+55.4
Greece in chart	27	Greece	146.1	+64.4

Tick a country in the table to add it to the chart, up to six at a time - a chart with more lines stops being readable. The ranking is for the latest period in which most countries have a value. EU and euro area aggregates do not take part in the ranking.