Country

Latvia

EU member state since 2004 · world profile (World Bank data)

Best rank in the EU 2nd infant mortality, of 27

Where it stands out

rank among EU countries

Best ranks

  1. Infant mortality 2nd of 27
  2. Energy imports 3rd of 27
  3. Renewables 4th of 27

Lowest ranks

  1. Healthy life expectancy 26th of 26
  2. Housing overcrowding 26th of 27
  3. Life expectancy 26th of 27

Map

5 regions

 

Boundaries: Centrālā statistikas pārvalde, simplified · sources and licences

Over time

6 charts

GDP per capita

€/inh. · 1995-2025

Latvia EU average

0 10k 20k 30k 40k 50k 1995 Latvia: 1,610 EU average: 14,910 1996 Latvia: 1,860 EU average: 15,600 1997 Latvia: 2,300 EU average: 16,010 1998 Latvia: 2,590 EU average: 16,670 1999 Latvia: 2,870 EU average: 17,420 2000 Latvia: 3,560 EU average: 18,420 2001 Latvia: 3,930 EU average: 19,270 2002 Latvia: 4,260 EU average: 19,930 2003 Latvia: 4,380 EU average: 20,400 2004 Latvia: 4,960 EU average: 21,250 2005 Latvia: 5,910 EU average: 22,110 2006 Latvia: 7,410 EU average: 23,320 2007 Latvia: 9,810 EU average: 24,680 2008 Latvia: 10,720 EU average: 25,390 2009 Latvia: 8,590 EU average: 24,230 2010 Latvia: 8,380 EU average: 25,090 2011 Latvia: 9,240 EU average: 25,880 2012 Latvia: 10,460 EU average: 25,980 2013 Latvia: 10,930 EU average: 26,260 2014 Latvia: 11,430 EU average: 26,860 2015 Latvia: 12,010 EU average: 27,810 2016 Latvia: 12,500 EU average: 28,510 2017 Latvia: 13,400 EU average: 29,680 2018 Latvia: 14,620 EU average: 30,680 2019 Latvia: 15,450 EU average: 31,740 2020 Latvia: 15,370 EU average: 30,560 2021 Latvia: 17,130 EU average: 33,330 2022 Latvia: 19,130 EU average: 36,180 2023 Latvia: 21,030 EU average: 38,450 2024 Latvia: 21,800 EU average: 40,110 2025 Latvia: 23,410 EU average: 41,700 1995 2005 2010 2015 2025

Real GDP growth

% · 1996-2025

Latvia EU average

-20 -10 0 10 20 1996 Latvia: 2.3 EU average: 1.8 1997 Latvia: 9.2 EU average: 2.7 1998 Latvia: 6.6 EU average: 3 1999 Latvia: 2.8 EU average: 3 2000 Latvia: 5.8 EU average: 3.9 2001 Latvia: 6.5 EU average: 2.1 2002 Latvia: 7.7 EU average: 1 2003 Latvia: 8.4 EU average: 0.9 2004 Latvia: 8.7 EU average: 2.5 2005 Latvia: 11.6 EU average: 1.9 2006 Latvia: 12.8 EU average: 3.5 2007 Latvia: 10.4 EU average: 3.1 2008 Latvia: -3.4 EU average: 0.6 2009 Latvia: -16 EU average: -4.3 2010 Latvia: -3.7 EU average: 2.1 2011 Latvia: 3 EU average: 1.9 2012 Latvia: 7.3 EU average: -0.8 2013 Latvia: 2.1 EU average: 0 2014 Latvia: 2.1 EU average: 1.6 2015 Latvia: 3.8 EU average: 2.4 2016 Latvia: 2.6 EU average: 1.9 2017 Latvia: 3.4 EU average: 2.8 2018 Latvia: 4.3 EU average: 2.1 2019 Latvia: 0.7 EU average: 1.9 2020 Latvia: -3.5 EU average: -5.5 2021 Latvia: 6.9 EU average: 6.4 2022 Latvia: 1.9 EU average: 3.6 2023 Latvia: -0.9 EU average: 0.4 2024 Latvia: 0 EU average: 1.3 2025 Latvia: 2.1 EU average: 1.4 1996 2006 2011 2016 2025

HICP inflation rate

% · 1997-2025

Latvia EU average

-5 0 5 10 15 20 1997 Latvia: 8.1 EU average: 0 1998 Latvia: 4.3 EU average: 0 1999 Latvia: 2.1 EU average: 0 2000 Latvia: 2.6 EU average: 0 2001 Latvia: 2.5 EU average: 3.6 2002 Latvia: 2 EU average: 2.7 2003 Latvia: 2.9 EU average: 2.3 2004 Latvia: 6.2 EU average: 2.5 2005 Latvia: 6.9 EU average: 2.3 2006 Latvia: 6.6 EU average: 2.3 2007 Latvia: 10.1 EU average: 2.4 2008 Latvia: 15.3 EU average: 3.7 2009 Latvia: 3.3 EU average: 0.8 2010 Latvia: -1.2 EU average: 1.8 2011 Latvia: 4.2 EU average: 2.9 2012 Latvia: 2.3 EU average: 2.6 2013 Latvia: 0 EU average: 1.3 2014 Latvia: 0.7 EU average: 0.4 2015 Latvia: 0.2 EU average: 0.1 2016 Latvia: 0.1 EU average: 0.2 2017 Latvia: 2.9 EU average: 1.6 2018 Latvia: 2.6 EU average: 1.8 2019 Latvia: 2.7 EU average: 1.4 2020 Latvia: 0.1 EU average: 0.7 2021 Latvia: 3.2 EU average: 2.9 2022 Latvia: 17.2 EU average: 9.2 2023 Latvia: 9.1 EU average: 6.4 2024 Latvia: 1.3 EU average: 2.6 2025 Latvia: 3.8 EU average: 2.5 1997 2007 2012 2017 2025

Annual change in house prices

% · 2007-2025

Latvia EU average

-40 -20 0 20 40 2007 Latvia: 36.3 EU average: 8.5 2008 Latvia: 1.1 EU average: 1.3 2009 Latvia: -37.3 EU average: -3.7 2010 Latvia: -11 EU average: 0.5 2011 Latvia: 10.4 EU average: 0.6 2012 Latvia: 3 EU average: -2.1 2013 Latvia: 6.8 EU average: -1.7 2014 Latvia: 6 EU average: 0.7 2015 Latvia: -3.4 EU average: 2.3 2016 Latvia: 8.5 EU average: 4.3 2017 Latvia: 8.8 EU average: 4.8 2018 Latvia: 9.6 EU average: 5 2019 Latvia: 9 EU average: 4.9 2020 Latvia: 3.5 EU average: 5.6 2021 Latvia: 10.9 EU average: 8.4 2022 Latvia: 13.8 EU average: 8 2023 Latvia: 3.7 EU average: -0.3 2024 Latvia: 4.2 EU average: 3.4 2025 Latvia: 7.6 EU average: 5.5 2007 2013 2016 2019 2025

R&D expenditure

% of GDP · 1995-2024

Latvia EU average

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 1995 Latvia: 0.45 EU average: 1.73 1996 Latvia: 0.41 EU average: 1.72 1997 Latvia: 0.38 EU average: 1.72 1998 Latvia: 0.39 EU average: 1.73 1999 Latvia: 0.36 EU average: 1.78 2000 Latvia: 0.45 EU average: 1.81 2001 Latvia: 0.41 EU average: 1.82 2002 Latvia: 0.42 EU average: 1.83 2003 Latvia: 0.38 EU average: 1.82 2004 Latvia: 0.42 EU average: 1.79 2005 Latvia: 0.55 EU average: 1.78 2006 Latvia: 0.68 EU average: 1.8 2007 Latvia: 0.58 EU average: 1.79 2008 Latvia: 0.61 EU average: 1.87 2009 Latvia: 0.46 EU average: 1.96 2010 Latvia: 0.62 EU average: 1.96 2011 Latvia: 0.74 EU average: 2 2012 Latvia: 0.69 EU average: 2.06 2013 Latvia: 0.64 EU average: 2.08 2014 Latvia: 0.71 EU average: 2.09 2015 Latvia: 0.64 EU average: 2.1 2016 Latvia: 0.45 EU average: 2.1 2017 Latvia: 0.53 EU average: 2.14 2018 Latvia: 0.66 EU average: 2.17 2019 Latvia: 0.66 EU average: 2.21 2020 Latvia: 0.76 EU average: 2.28 2021 Latvia: 0.77 EU average: 2.24 2022 Latvia: 0.81 EU average: 2.22 2023 Latvia: 0.82 EU average: 2.26 2024 Latvia: 0.92 EU average: 2.24 1995 2005 2010 2015 2024

Electricity price for households

€/kWh · 2007S2-2025S2

Latvia EU average

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 2007S2 Latvia: 0.07 EU average: 0.15 2008S1 Latvia: 0.08 EU average: 0.16 2008S2 Latvia: 0.1 EU average: 0.17 2009S1 Latvia: 0.11 EU average: 0.17 2009S2 Latvia: 0.11 EU average: 0.17 2010S1 Latvia: 0.1 EU average: 0.17 2010S2 Latvia: 0.1 EU average: 0.18 2011S1 Latvia: 0.12 EU average: 0.19 2011S2 Latvia: 0.13 EU average: 0.19 2012S1 Latvia: 0.14 EU average: 0.19 2012S2 Latvia: 0.14 EU average: 0.2 2013S1 Latvia: 0.14 EU average: 0.2 2013S2 Latvia: 0.14 EU average: 0.21 2014S1 Latvia: 0.14 EU average: 0.21 2014S2 Latvia: 0.13 EU average: 0.21 2015S1 Latvia: 0.16 EU average: 0.21 2015S2 Latvia: 0.17 EU average: 0.21 2016S1 Latvia: 0.16 EU average: 0.21 2016S2 Latvia: 0.16 EU average: 0.21 2017S1 Latvia: 0.16 EU average: 0.21 2017S2 Latvia: 0.16 EU average: 0.21 2018S1 Latvia: 0.15 EU average: 0.21 2018S2 Latvia: 0.15 EU average: 0.22 2019S1 Latvia: 0.16 EU average: 0.22 2019S2 Latvia: 0.16 EU average: 0.22 2020S1 Latvia: 0.14 EU average: 0.21 2020S2 Latvia: 0.14 EU average: 0.22 2021S1 Latvia: 0.14 EU average: 0.22 2021S2 Latvia: 0.19 EU average: 0.24 2022S1 Latvia: 0.18 EU average: 0.25 2022S2 Latvia: 0.3 EU average: 0.28 2023S1 Latvia: 0.31 EU average: 0.29 2023S2 Latvia: 0.28 EU average: 0.28 2024S1 Latvia: 0.25 EU average: 0.29 2024S2 Latvia: 0.24 EU average: 0.29 2025S1 Latvia: 0.24 EU average: 0.29 2025S2 Latvia: 0.25 EU average: 0.29 2007S2 2013S2 2016S2 2019S2 2025S2

Economy

11 indicators
GDP per capita
23,410 €/inh.
+1,610 vs 2024
24th of 27 EU countries
EU average 41,700 €/inh.
2025 · country ranking
GDP growth
2.1 %
+2.1 vs 2024
11th of 27 EU countries
EU average 1.4 %
2025 · country ranking
Inflation
3.8 %
+2.5 vs 2024
22nd of 27 EU countries
EU average 2.5 %
2025 · country ranking
House prices
7.6 %
+3.4 vs 2024
10th of 26 EU countries
EU average 5.5 %
2025 · country ranking
R&D
0.92 % of GDP
+0.10 vs 2023
23rd of 27 EU countries
EU average 2.24 % of GDP
2024 · country ranking
Electricity price
0.2452 €/kWh
+0.0012 vs 2025S1
12th of 27 EU countries
EU average 0.2896 €/kWh
2025S2 · country ranking
Tax-to-GDP ratio
35.5 % of GDP
+2.5 vs 2023
20th of 27 EU countries
EU average 40.3 % of GDP
2024 · country ranking
Gas price
0.0826 €/kWh
+0.0022 vs 2025S1
8th of 23 EU countries
EU average 0.1228 €/kWh
2025S2 · country ranking
Government debt
46.9 %
+0.7 vs 2024
11th of 27 EU countries
EU average 81.7 %
2025 · country ranking
Price level
77.2
0 vs 2023
22nd of 27 EU countries
EU average 100.0
2024 · country ranking
Budget balance
-2.5 %
−0.7 vs 2024
15th of 27 EU countries
EU average -3.1 %
2025 · country ranking

Labour

7 indicators
Employment
78.2 %
+0.8 vs 2024
15th of 27 EU countries
EU average 76.1 %
2025 · country ranking
Unemployment
6.9 %
0 vs 2024
21st of 27 EU countries
EU average 6.0 %
2025 · country ranking
Minimum wage
780 €
0 vs 2026S1
21st of 22 EU countries
2026S2 · country ranking
Gender pay gap
13.9 %
−2.5 vs 2023
19th of 27 EU countries
EU average 11.1 %
2024 · country ranking
Long-term unemployment
2.3 %
+0.1 vs 2024
21st of 27 EU countries
EU average 1.9 %
2025 · country ranking
NEET rate
11.0 %
+0.3 vs 2024
18th of 27 EU countries
EU average 11.0 %
2025 · country ranking
Working hours
38.8 h
−0.1 vs 2024
14th of 27 EU countries
EU average 37.3 h
2025 · country ranking

Population

7 indicators
Healthy life expectancy
52.5 years
−0.2 vs 2023
26th of 26 EU countries
EU average 65.2 years
2024 · country ranking
Doctors
340 per 100k
+6 vs 2023
25th of 26 EU countries
2024 · country ranking
Infant mortality
1.5 ‰
−1.1 vs 2023
2nd of 27 EU countries
EU average 3.5 ‰
2024 · country ranking
Obesity
22.3 %
+1.5 vs 2014
23rd of 26 EU countries
EU average 16.0 %
2019 · country ranking
Population
1.8 mn
23rd of 27 EU countries
2026 · country ranking
Life expectancy
75.5 years
+0.7 vs 2023
26th of 27 EU countries
EU average 80.8 years
2024 · country ranking
Fertility
1.24
−0.10 vs 2023
21st of 27 EU countries
EU average 1.34
2024 · country ranking

Environment

8 indicators
Emissions
6.7 t/inh.
+0.6 vs 2023
16th of 27 EU countries
2024 · country ranking
Energy imports
29.3 %
−3.5 vs 2023
3rd of 27 EU countries
EU average 57.3 %
2024 · country ranking
Municipal waste
462 kg
+25 vs 2023
7th of 20 EU countries
EU average 517 kg
2024 · country ranking
Renewable electricity
57.6 %
+2.1 vs 2024
10th of 27 EU countries
EU average 49.9 %
2025 · country ranking
Organic farming
15.6 %
+0.5 vs 2023
6th of 25 EU countries
2024 · country ranking
Air pollution deaths
31 per 100k
−12 vs 2022
16th of 27 EU countries
EU average 41 per 100k
2023 · country ranking
Renewables
46.3 %
+0.8 vs 2024
4th of 27 EU countries
EU average 26.2 %
2025 · country ranking
Recycling
52.7 %
+2.1 vs 2023
6th of 20 EU countries
EU average 48.1 %
2024 · country ranking

Society

19 indicators
Health spending
8.4 %
+1.0 vs 2023
15th of 25 EU countries
2024 · country ranking
Tertiary educated
40.7 %
+0.6 vs 2024
13th of 27 EU countries
EU average 36.9 %
2025 · country ranking
Adult learning
11.4 %
+0.4 vs 2024
17th of 27 EU countries
EU average 13.7 %
2025 · country ranking
Poverty risk
24.7 %
+0.4 vs 2024
22nd of 27 EU countries
EU average 20.9 %
2025 · country ranking
Income inequality
31.5
+0.3 vs 2024
23rd of 27 EU countries
EU average 28.6
2025 · country ranking
Internet use
94.5 %
+1.3 vs 2024
14th of 27 EU countries
EU average 93.8 %
2025 · country ranking
Road deaths
6 per mn
−1 vs 2023
23rd of 27 EU countries
EU average 4 per mn
2024 · country ranking
Housing overcrowding
38.9 %
−0.4 vs 2024
26th of 27 EU countries
EU average 16.8 %
2025 · country ranking
Passenger cars
435 per 1,000
+11 vs 2024
27th of 27 EU countries
EU average 584 per 1,000
2025 · country ranking
Early leavers
8.8 %
+0.9 vs 2024
17th of 26 EU countries
EU average 9.1 %
2025 · country ranking
Unable to keep warm
4.3 %
−0.6 vs 2024
10th of 27 EU countries
EU average 8.8 %
2025 · country ranking
Burglaries
124 per 100k
−1 vs 2023
7th of 24 EU countries
2024 · country ranking
Housing overburden
5.7 %
−1.0 vs 2024
11th of 27 EU countries
EU average 7.7 %
2025 · country ranking
Home ownership
82.2 %
−1.5 vs 2024
8th of 27 EU countries
EU average 68.5 %
2025 · country ranking
Travel by car
83.5 %
−0.7 vs 2023
19th of 27 EU countries
EU average 82.5 %
2024 · country ranking
Health expenditure
5.4 % of GDP
0 vs 2023
23rd of 27 EU countries
EU average 7.3 % of GDP
2024 · country ranking
Education spending
6.1 % of GDP
0 vs 2023
5th of 27 EU countries
EU average 4.7 % of GDP
2024 · country ranking
Life satisfaction
6.9 /10
0 vs 2024
25th of 27 EU countries
EU average 7.2 /10
2025 · country ranking
Digital skills
48.4 %
+3.1 vs 2023
24th of 27 EU countries
EU average 60.4 %
2025 · country ranking

Regions

NUTS

NUTS 1 1

NUTS 2 1

NUTS 3 5

Where the data comes from

© European Union, source: Eurostat - datasets, licence and methods.

Ranks are among EU member states. Where less is better (unemployment, debt), the lowest value ranks first.