Estonia vs Latvia

Estonia (Europe) and Latvia (Europe) side by side. Each value is the latest available for that country, so the year may differ; the rank is among all countries of the world.

Over time

with the world for reference

GDP per capita

US$ · 1995-2025

Estonia Latvia World

0 10k 20k 30k 40k 1995 Estonia: 3,134.39 Latvia: 2,256.77 World: 5,463.2 1996 Estonia: 3,380.93 Latvia: 2,360.17 World: 5,507.22 1997 Estonia: 3,682.95 Latvia: 2,609.89 World: 5,408.57 1998 Estonia: 4,093.39 Latvia: 2,893.8 World: 5,302.34 1999 Estonia: 4,140.94 Latvia: 3,063.9 World: 5,401.23 2000 Estonia: 4,070.61 Latvia: 3,278.18 World: 5,512.56 2001 Estonia: 4,502.67 Latvia: 3,504.62 World: 5,404.2 2002 Estonia: 5,343.18 Latvia: 4,003.61 World: 5,539.32 2003 Estonia: 7,205.41 Latvia: 4,914.58 World: 6,129.87 2004 Estonia: 8,916.07 Latvia: 6,109.73 World: 6,818 2005 Estonia: 10,414.64 Latvia: 7,283.79 World: 7,290.57 2006 Estonia: 12,641.48 Latvia: 9,211.74 World: 7,803.19 2007 Estonia: 16,745.43 Latvia: 13,370.98 World: 8,685.33 2008 Estonia: 18,205.91 Latvia: 15,677.61 World: 9,425.74 2009 Estonia: 14,712.45 Latvia: 11,996.03 World: 8,827.04 2010 Estonia: 14,663.7 Latvia: 11,188.42 World: 9,555.07 2011 Estonia: 17,555.55 Latvia: 12,902.57 World: 10,496.93 2012 Estonia: 17,568.21 Latvia: 13,329.35 World: 10,597.85 2013 Estonia: 19,310.39 Latvia: 14,484.47 World: 10,759.35 2014 Estonia: 20,581.79 Latvia: 15,185.81 World: 10,912.24 2015 Estonia: 17,722.16 Latvia: 13,321.98 World: 10,191.98 2016 Estonia: 18,666.37 Latvia: 13,838.53 World: 10,239.47 2017 Estonia: 20,851.52 Latvia: 15,132.5 World: 10,784.4 2018 Estonia: 23,618.14 Latvia: 17,252.17 World: 11,344.73 2019 Estonia: 24,021.25 Latvia: 17,294.98 World: 11,417.6 2020 Estonia: 23,933.99 Latvia: 17,564.23 World: 10,999.49 2021 Estonia: 27,951.17 Latvia: 20,261.89 World: 12,472.91 2022 Estonia: 28,340.38 Latvia: 20,221.1 World: 12,876.24 2023 Estonia: 30,264.01 Latvia: 22,710.26 World: 13,313.86 2024 Estonia: 31,428.35 Latvia: 23,578.97 World: 13,717.09 2025 Estonia: 34,417.63 Latvia: 26,311.97 World: 14,405.85 1995 2005 2010 2015 2025

Life expectancy at birth

years · 1960-2024

Estonia Latvia World

50 60 70 80 1960 Estonia: 68.75 Latvia: 69.79 World: 50.94 1961 Estonia: 69.08 Latvia: 70.03 World: 52.8 1962 Estonia: 69.29 Latvia: 69.43 World: 55.29 1963 Estonia: 69.32 Latvia: 69.83 World: 55.65 1964 Estonia: 70.07 Latvia: 71.03 World: 56.1 1965 Estonia: 70.18 Latvia: 70.73 World: 55.93 1966 Estonia: 70.15 Latvia: 70.71 World: 56.45 1967 Estonia: 70.43 Latvia: 70.39 World: 56.9 1968 Estonia: 70.08 Latvia: 70.04 World: 57.34 1969 Estonia: 69.79 Latvia: 69.8 World: 57.68 1970 Estonia: 69.92 Latvia: 69.84 World: 57.94 1971 Estonia: 70.12 Latvia: 70.16 World: 58.02 1972 Estonia: 69.93 Latvia: 69.88 World: 58.84 1973 Estonia: 70.23 Latvia: 69.81 World: 59.3 1974 Estonia: 70.35 Latvia: 69.74 World: 59.7 1975 Estonia: 69.71 Latvia: 68.93 World: 60.13 1976 Estonia: 69.35 Latvia: 69.05 World: 60.45 1977 Estonia: 69.45 Latvia: 69.1 World: 61.04 1978 Estonia: 69.3 Latvia: 68.99 World: 61.39 1979 Estonia: 69.05 Latvia: 68.5 World: 61.84 1980 Estonia: 69.11 Latvia: 68.81 World: 62.15 1981 Estonia: 68.98 Latvia: 68.79 World: 62.52 1982 Estonia: 69.13 Latvia: 69.33 World: 62.87 1983 Estonia: 69.38 Latvia: 69.12 World: 63.13 1984 Estonia: 69.28 Latvia: 69.16 World: 63.44 1985 Estonia: 69.38 Latvia: 69.29 World: 63.73 1986 Estonia: 70.09 Latvia: 70.62 World: 64.12 1987 Estonia: 70.64 Latvia: 70.69 World: 64.46 1988 Estonia: 70.7 Latvia: 70.62 World: 64.67 1989 Estonia: 70.04 Latvia: 70.16 World: 64.96 1990 Estonia: 69.48 Latvia: 69.27 World: 65.11 1991 Estonia: 69.37 Latvia: 69.03 World: 65.3 1992 Estonia: 68.86 Latvia: 68.4 World: 65.55 1993 Estonia: 67.91 Latvia: 66.72 World: 65.74 1994 Estonia: 66.5 Latvia: 65.66 World: 65.96 1995 Estonia: 67.54 Latvia: 66.39 World: 66.2 1996 Estonia: 69.61 Latvia: 68.78 World: 66.52 1997 Estonia: 69.81 Latvia: 69.35 World: 66.83 1998 Estonia: 69.36 Latvia: 69.01 World: 67.07 1999 Estonia: 70.06 Latvia: 69.74 World: 67.31 2000 Estonia: 70.42 Latvia: 70.31 World: 67.65 2001 Estonia: 70.26 Latvia: 70.76 World: 67.95 2002 Estonia: 70.9 Latvia: 70.96 World: 68.23 2003 Estonia: 71.32 Latvia: 71.27 World: 68.52 2004 Estonia: 71.91 Latvia: 72.03 World: 68.77 2005 Estonia: 72.57 Latvia: 71.36 World: 69.11 2006 Estonia: 72.69 Latvia: 70.87 World: 69.47 2007 Estonia: 72.81 Latvia: 71.02 World: 69.81 2008 Estonia: 73.77 Latvia: 72.42 World: 70 2009 Estonia: 74.82 Latvia: 73.08 World: 70.38 2010 Estonia: 75.43 Latvia: 73.48 World: 70.68 2011 Estonia: 76.23 Latvia: 73.58 World: 70.97 2012 Estonia: 76.33 Latvia: 73.78 World: 71.26 2013 Estonia: 77.14 Latvia: 73.98 World: 71.53 2014 Estonia: 77.03 Latvia: 74.12 World: 71.78 2015 Estonia: 77.59 Latvia: 74.48 World: 71.97 2016 Estonia: 77.64 Latvia: 74.58 World: 72.19 2017 Estonia: 78.09 Latvia: 74.63 World: 72.37 2018 Estonia: 78.24 Latvia: 74.78 World: 72.64 2019 Estonia: 78.65 Latvia: 75.39 World: 72.87 2020 Estonia: 78.6 Latvia: 75.19 World: 72.18 2021 Estonia: 76.94 Latvia: 72.98 World: 71.22 2022 Estonia: 77.84 Latvia: 74.28 World: 72.97 2023 Estonia: 78.79 Latvia: 75.43 World: 73.33 2024 Estonia: 79.3 Latvia: 76.43 World: 73.48 1960 1980 1990 2000 2024

Fertility rate

1960-2024

Estonia Latvia World

1 2 3 4 5 6 1960 Estonia: 1.98 Latvia: 1.94 World: 4.69 1961 Estonia: 1.98 Latvia: 1.94 World: 4.56 1962 Estonia: 1.95 Latvia: 1.91 World: 5.02 1963 Estonia: 1.89 Latvia: 1.85 World: 5.31 1964 Estonia: 1.94 Latvia: 1.79 World: 5.13 1965 Estonia: 1.88 Latvia: 1.74 World: 5.08 1966 Estonia: 1.87 Latvia: 1.76 World: 4.97 1967 Estonia: 1.9 Latvia: 1.8 World: 4.87 1968 Estonia: 2.03 Latvia: 1.83 World: 4.98 1969 Estonia: 2.13 Latvia: 1.88 World: 4.88 1970 Estonia: 2.17 Latvia: 1.96 World: 4.84 1971 Estonia: 2.19 Latvia: 2 World: 4.69 1972 Estonia: 2.13 Latvia: 2 World: 4.55 1973 Estonia: 2.06 Latvia: 1.98 World: 4.42 1974 Estonia: 2.07 Latvia: 1.97 World: 4.26 1975 Estonia: 2.04 Latvia: 1.96 World: 4.07 1976 Estonia: 2.07 Latvia: 1.93 World: 3.97 1977 Estonia: 2.06 Latvia: 1.89 World: 3.84 1978 Estonia: 2.02 Latvia: 1.87 World: 3.77 1979 Estonia: 2 Latvia: 1.87 World: 3.76 1980 Estonia: 2.02 Latvia: 1.86 World: 3.73 1981 Estonia: 2.07 Latvia: 1.88 World: 3.71 1982 Estonia: 2.07 Latvia: 1.97 World: 3.72 1983 Estonia: 2.16 Latvia: 2.07 World: 3.59 1984 Estonia: 2.17 Latvia: 2.09 World: 3.57 1985 Estonia: 2.13 Latvia: 2.08 World: 3.53 1986 Estonia: 2.18 Latvia: 2.12 World: 3.51 1987 Estonia: 2.27 Latvia: 2.15 World: 3.48 1988 Estonia: 2.27 Latvia: 2.11 World: 3.39 1989 Estonia: 2.22 Latvia: 2.05 World: 3.35 1990 Estonia: 2.05 Latvia: 2.02 World: 3.31 1991 Estonia: 1.8 Latvia: 1.86 World: 3.13 1992 Estonia: 1.71 Latvia: 1.73 World: 3.04 1993 Estonia: 1.49 Latvia: 1.51 World: 2.97 1994 Estonia: 1.42 Latvia: 1.39 World: 2.92 1995 Estonia: 1.38 Latvia: 1.25 World: 2.87 1996 Estonia: 1.37 Latvia: 1.16 World: 2.82 1997 Estonia: 1.32 Latvia: 1.11 World: 2.78 1998 Estonia: 1.28 Latvia: 1.09 World: 2.75 1999 Estonia: 1.3 Latvia: 1.16 World: 2.72 2000 Estonia: 1.36 Latvia: 1.25 World: 2.73 2001 Estonia: 1.32 Latvia: 1.22 World: 2.69 2002 Estonia: 1.36 Latvia: 1.26 World: 2.66 2003 Estonia: 1.37 Latvia: 1.32 World: 2.64 2004 Estonia: 1.47 Latvia: 1.29 World: 2.63 2005 Estonia: 1.52 Latvia: 1.39 World: 2.61 2006 Estonia: 1.58 Latvia: 1.46 World: 2.61 2007 Estonia: 1.69 Latvia: 1.54 World: 2.6 2008 Estonia: 1.72 Latvia: 1.58 World: 2.6 2009 Estonia: 1.7 Latvia: 1.46 World: 2.59 2010 Estonia: 1.72 Latvia: 1.36 World: 2.57 2011 Estonia: 1.61 Latvia: 1.33 World: 2.55 2012 Estonia: 1.56 Latvia: 1.44 World: 2.56 2013 Estonia: 1.52 Latvia: 1.52 World: 2.53 2014 Estonia: 1.54 Latvia: 1.65 World: 2.52 2015 Estonia: 1.58 Latvia: 1.7 World: 2.49 2016 Estonia: 1.6 Latvia: 1.74 World: 2.49 2017 Estonia: 1.59 Latvia: 1.69 World: 2.46 2018 Estonia: 1.67 Latvia: 1.6 World: 2.39 2019 Estonia: 1.66 Latvia: 1.61 World: 2.35 2020 Estonia: 1.58 Latvia: 1.55 World: 2.28 2021 Estonia: 1.61 Latvia: 1.57 World: 2.25 2022 Estonia: 1.41 Latvia: 1.47 World: 2.22 2023 Estonia: 1.31 Latvia: 1.36 World: 2.2 2024 Estonia: 1.18 Latvia: 1.24 World: 2.19 1960 1980 1990 2000 2024

Unemployment rate (modelled ILO estimate)

% · 1991-2025

Estonia Latvia World

0 5 10 15 20 25 1991 Estonia: 1.47 Latvia: 2.7 World: 5.12 1992 Estonia: 3.68 Latvia: 6.6 World: 5.28 1993 Estonia: 6.54 Latvia: 16.7 World: 5.54 1994 Estonia: 7.56 Latvia: 18.7 World: 5.79 1995 Estonia: 9.66 Latvia: 19 World: 5.92 1996 Estonia: 9.92 Latvia: 20.7 World: 5.98 1997 Estonia: 10.37 Latvia: 14.9 World: 6.01 1998 Estonia: 9.51 Latvia: 14.45 World: 6.16 1999 Estonia: 11.57 Latvia: 13.79 World: 6.28 2000 Estonia: 13.36 Latvia: 14.21 World: 6.11 2001 Estonia: 13.13 Latvia: 13.82 World: 6.19 2002 Estonia: 10.03 Latvia: 13.83 World: 6.41 2003 Estonia: 11.29 Latvia: 12.06 World: 6.48 2004 Estonia: 10.25 Latvia: 11.71 World: 6.33 2005 Estonia: 8.03 Latvia: 10.03 World: 6.22 2006 Estonia: 5.92 Latvia: 7.03 World: 5.97 2007 Estonia: 4.59 Latvia: 6.05 World: 5.77 2008 Estonia: 5.46 Latvia: 7.74 World: 5.82 2009 Estonia: 13.55 Latvia: 17.52 World: 6.41 2010 Estonia: 16.71 Latvia: 19.48 World: 6.28 2011 Estonia: 12.33 Latvia: 16.21 World: 6.15 2012 Estonia: 10.02 Latvia: 15.05 World: 6.15 2013 Estonia: 8.63 Latvia: 11.87 World: 6.1 2014 Estonia: 7.35 Latvia: 10.85 World: 5.96 2015 Estonia: 6.41 Latvia: 9.87 World: 6 2016 Estonia: 6.88 Latvia: 9.64 World: 5.97 2017 Estonia: 5.81 Latvia: 8.72 World: 5.9 2018 Estonia: 5.41 Latvia: 7.41 World: 5.76 2019 Estonia: 4.51 Latvia: 6.31 World: 5.59 2020 Estonia: 6.96 Latvia: 8.1 World: 6.59 2021 Estonia: 6.18 Latvia: 7.51 World: 6.05 2022 Estonia: 5.57 Latvia: 6.82 World: 5.23 2023 Estonia: 6.38 Latvia: 6.47 World: 4.85 2024 Estonia: 7.6 Latvia: 6.9 World: 4.81 2025 Estonia: 8.31 Latvia: 6.57 World: 4.79 1991 2001 2006 2011 2016 2025

CO₂ emissions per capita (excluding land use)

t · 1970-2024

Estonia Latvia World

0 10 20 30 1970 Estonia: 15.7 Latvia: 4.81 World: 4.14 1971 Estonia: 15.52 Latvia: 4.78 World: 4.04 1972 Estonia: 16.69 Latvia: 5.04 World: 4.16 1973 Estonia: 18.89 Latvia: 5.39 World: 4.32 1974 Estonia: 20.86 Latvia: 5.72 World: 4.23 1975 Estonia: 22.5 Latvia: 6.07 World: 4.14 1976 Estonia: 23.46 Latvia: 6.29 World: 4.31 1977 Estonia: 24.23 Latvia: 6.45 World: 4.36 1978 Estonia: 25.68 Latvia: 6.67 World: 4.42 1979 Estonia: 26.56 Latvia: 6.86 World: 4.46 1980 Estonia: 27.39 Latvia: 7.11 World: 4.33 1981 Estonia: 27.91 Latvia: 7.17 World: 4.18 1982 Estonia: 27.82 Latvia: 7.28 World: 4.05 1983 Estonia: 27.46 Latvia: 7.33 World: 4.01 1984 Estonia: 26.6 Latvia: 7.31 World: 4.07 1985 Estonia: 25.88 Latvia: 7.28 World: 4.05 1986 Estonia: 25.03 Latvia: 7.35 World: 4.04 1987 Estonia: 24.44 Latvia: 7.37 World: 4.1 1988 Estonia: 23.05 Latvia: 7.28 World: 4.16 1989 Estonia: 20.89 Latvia: 7.12 World: 4.16 1990 Estonia: 25.52 Latvia: 7.37 World: 4.15 1991 Estonia: 23.39 Latvia: 6.79 World: 4.1 1992 Estonia: 17.35 Latvia: 5.47 World: 4.01 1993 Estonia: 14.65 Latvia: 4.7 World: 3.97 1994 Estonia: 15.42 Latvia: 4.16 World: 3.94 1995 Estonia: 14.34 Latvia: 3.72 World: 3.99 1996 Estonia: 15.28 Latvia: 3.76 World: 4.01 1997 Estonia: 15.13 Latvia: 3.62 World: 4.02 1998 Estonia: 13.71 Latvia: 3.49 World: 3.98 1999 Estonia: 12.53 Latvia: 3.29 World: 3.95 2000 Estonia: 12.76 Latvia: 3.05 World: 4.01 2001 Estonia: 13.15 Latvia: 3.28 World: 4.01 2002 Estonia: 12.7 Latvia: 3.32 World: 4.02 2003 Estonia: 14.27 Latvia: 3.46 World: 4.15 2004 Estonia: 14.71 Latvia: 3.52 World: 4.28 2005 Estonia: 14.81 Latvia: 3.59 World: 4.39 2006 Estonia: 14.43 Latvia: 3.85 World: 4.48 2007 Estonia: 17.18 Latvia: 4.05 World: 4.59 2008 Estonia: 15.62 Latvia: 3.89 World: 4.56 2009 Estonia: 13.07 Latvia: 3.62 World: 4.45 2010 Estonia: 16.69 Latvia: 4.23 World: 4.67 2011 Estonia: 16.83 Latvia: 4 World: 4.76 2012 Estonia: 16.05 Latvia: 3.95 World: 4.77 2013 Estonia: 17.93 Latvia: 3.87 World: 4.81 2014 Estonia: 17.31 Latvia: 3.8 World: 4.78 2015 Estonia: 15.98 Latvia: 3.87 World: 4.7 2016 Estonia: 15.65 Latvia: 3.82 World: 4.65 2017 Estonia: 16.67 Latvia: 3.83 World: 4.67 2018 Estonia: 17.89 Latvia: 4.21 World: 4.73 2019 Estonia: 11.65 Latvia: 4.13 World: 4.7 2020 Estonia: 9.13 Latvia: 3.83 World: 4.47 2021 Estonia: 9.71 Latvia: 4 World: 4.68 2022 Estonia: 11.13 Latvia: 3.69 World: 4.67 2023 Estonia: 8.37 Latvia: 3.66 World: 4.68 2024 Estonia: 7.76 Latvia: 3.65 World: 4.69 1970 1986 1994 2002 2010 2024

Individuals using the internet

% · 2005-2024

Estonia Latvia World

0 20 40 60 80 100 2005 Estonia: 61.45 Latvia: 46 World: 15.6 2006 Estonia: 63.51 Latvia: 53.63 World: 17.2 2007 Estonia: 66.19 Latvia: 59.17 World: 20.2 2008 Estonia: 70.58 Latvia: 63.41 World: 22.8 2009 Estonia: 72.5 Latvia: 66.84 World: 25.3 2010 Estonia: 74.1 Latvia: 68.42 World: 28.4 2011 Estonia: 76.5 Latvia: 69.75 World: 30.9 2012 Estonia: 78.39 Latvia: 73.12 World: 33.3 2013 Estonia: 80 Latvia: 75.23 World: 35.3 2014 Estonia: 84.24 Latvia: 75.83 World: 37.4 2015 Estonia: 88.41 Latvia: 79.2 World: 39.9 2016 Estonia: 87.24 Latvia: 79.84 World: 43.6 2017 Estonia: 88.1 Latvia: 80.11 World: 46.3 2018 Estonia: 89.36 Latvia: 83.58 World: 49.4 2019 Estonia: 90.23 Latvia: 86.14 World: 53.9 2020 Estonia: 89.06 Latvia: 88.9 World: 60.1 2021 Estonia: 90.98 Latvia: 91.18 World: 63.8 2022 Estonia: 91.52 Latvia: 91.03 World: 67 2023 Estonia: 93.18 Latvia: 92.19 World: 69.2 2024 Estonia: 92.24 Latvia: 92.71 World: 71.2 2005 2011 2014 2017 2024

Population

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Population 1.4 mn 2025
157th of 215		 1.8 mn 2025
150th of 215
Population density 32.1 /km² 2023
167th of 214		 30.3 /km² 2023
168th of 214
Population growth -0.43 % 2025
194th of 215		 -0.99 % 2025
207th of 215
Life expectancy 79.3 years 2024
54th of 215		 76.4 years 2024
93rd of 215
Fertility rate 1.18 2024
198th of 215		 1.24 2024
194th of 215
Birth rate 7.1 ‰ 2024
199th of 215		 6.9 ‰ 2024
201st of 215
Infant mortality 1.5 ‰ 2024
2nd of 196		 2.2 ‰ 2024
13th of 196
Urban population 70.7 % 2025
85th of 215		 68.6 % 2025
95th of 215
Aged 65+ 21.8 % 2025
21st of 215		 22.2 % 2025
20th of 215
Living in cities 38.8 % 2025
102nd of 215		 35.8 % 2025
112th of 215
Living in towns 26.8 % 2025
135th of 215		 22.5 % 2025
170th of 215
Living in rural areas 34.4 % 2025
65th of 215		 41.7 % 2025
39th of 215

Human development

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Human Development Index 0.905 2023
36th of 193		 0.889 2023
42nd of 193
Inequality-adjusted HDI 0.841 2023
23rd of 169		 0.812 2023
39th of 169
Planetary-adjusted HDI 0.714 2023
55th of 156		 0.749 2023
32nd of 156
Gender Inequality Index 0.061 2023
23rd of 172		 0.117 2023
38th of 172

Economy

Indicator Estonia Latvia
GDP 47 bn US$ 2025
101st of 186		 48.6 bn US$ 2025
99th of 186
GDP per capita 34,418 US$ 2025
36th of 186		 26,312 US$ 2025
48th of 186
GDP per capita (PPP) 52,106 int. $ 2025
43rd of 185		 46,137 int. $ 2025
49th of 185
GNI per capita 32,310 US$ 2025
34th of 182		 24,980 US$ 2025
45th of 182
GDP growth 0.6 % 2025
168th of 186		 2.1 % 2025
130th of 186
Inflation 4.8 % 2025
37th of 165		 3.7 % 2025
62nd of 165
Trade 155.8 % 2025
12th of 138		 129.7 % 2025
28th of 138
Exports 78.4 % 2025
14th of 138		 62.6 % 2025
28th of 138
FDI inflows -1.8 % 2025
189th of 192		 0.5 % 2025
74th of 192
Manufacturing 10.8 % 2025
70th of 132		 10.0 % 2025
77th of 132
Agriculture 1.6 % 2025
132nd of 158		 4.0 % 2025
97th of 158
Tax revenue 22.7 % 2024
25th of 89		 17.6 % 2024
48th of 89
Military spending 3.4 % 2024
19th of 147		 3.3 % 2024
21st of 147

Labour

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Unemployment 8.3 % 2025
133rd of 181		 6.6 % 2025
119th of 181
Youth unemployment 19.7 % 2025
132nd of 181		 13.0 % 2025
92nd of 181
Women in the labour force 61.0 % 2025
45th of 181		 55.2 % 2025
79th of 181
Jobs in agriculture 3.0 % 2025
143rd of 181		 6.7 % 2025
121st of 181
Weekly hours worked 31.6 h 2025
157th of 181		 35.0 h 2025
132nd of 181
Youth NEET rate 10.3 % 2025
35th of 181		 9.0 % 2025
29th of 181
Labour income share 58.8 % 2025
9th of 114		 64.4 % 2023
Output per hour 51.3 $ 2025
41st of 181		 45.3 $ 2025
49th of 181

Health

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Health spending 7.8 % 2024
72nd of 192		 7.3 % 2023
78th of 192
Health spending per person 2,438 US$ 2024
37th of 191		 1,645 US$ 2023
48th of 191
Physicians 3.47 /1,000 2022
37th of 125		 3.40 /1,000 2022
40th of 125
Under-5 mortality 2.0 ‰ 2024
2nd of 196		 2.5 ‰ 2024
11th of 196
Maternal mortality 5 /100k 2023
24th of 194		 19 /100k 2023
71st of 194
Tobacco use 26.1 % 2024
124th of 166		 34.6 % 2024
152nd of 166
Safe drinking water 98.9 % 2024
29th of 147		 97.0 % 2024
39th of 147

Food

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Calories per person 3,287 kcal 2023
49th of 155		 3,342 kcal 2023
43rd of 155
Protein supply 111.2 g 2022
35th of 174		 107.4 g 2022
48th of 174
Animal protein supply 76.6 g 2022
18th of 174		 69.2 g 2022
33rd of 174
Fat supply 138.7 g 2022
30th of 174		 148.7 g 2022
19th of 174
Food insecurity 13.1 % 2024
51st of 134		 11.7 % 2024
49th of 134
Severe food insecurity 1.9 % 2024
33rd of 124		 1.8 % 2024
28th of 124
Cereal import dependency -119.5 % 2022
152nd of 160		 -140.7 % 2022
155th of 160

Education

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Literacy 99.9 % 2011 99.9 % 2011
Secondary enrolment 108.5 % 2024
16th of 108		 101.3 % 2024
33rd of 108
Tertiary enrolment 65.7 % 2024
46th of 128		 82.9 % 2024
17th of 128
Education spending 5.2 % 2022 4.3 % 2022
Expected schooling 16.0 yrs 2023
45th of 195		 16.5 yrs 2023
36th of 195
Mean schooling 13.6 yrs 2023
7th of 193		 13.4 yrs 2023
10th of 193

Society

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Income inequality 30.7 2023
23rd of 93		 34.0 2023
44th of 93
Extreme poverty 0.3 % 2023
29th of 93		 0.4 % 2023
37th of 93
Internet use 92.2 % 2024
44th of 182		 92.7 % 2024
42nd of 182
Mobile subscriptions 151.1 /100 2024
25th of 151		 121.3 /100 2024
73rd of 151
Electricity access 100.0 % 2024
34th of 213		 100.0 % 2024
66th of 213
Women in parliament 28.7 % 2025
83rd of 184		 31.0 % 2025
72nd of 184

Refugees

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Refugees hosted 41,299 2025
67th of 177		 32,454 2025
74th of 177
Refugees hosted per 1,000 30.7 ‰ 2025
14th of 177		 17.5 ‰ 2025
27th of 177
Asylum-seekers hosted 321 2025
120th of 177		 487 2025
110th of 177
Refugees from the country 86 2025
156th of 199		 189 2025
138th of 199
Refugees from per 1,000 0.1 ‰ 2025
131st of 199		 0.1 ‰ 2025
118th of 199

Governance

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Control of corruption 81.6 /100 2024
15th of 207		 64.6 /100 2024
45th of 207
Government effectiveness 76.6 /100 2024
24th of 205		 65.8 /100 2024
50th of 205
Rule of law 82.5 /100 2024
16th of 207		 75.7 /100 2024
31st of 207
Regulatory quality 76.9 /100 2024
17th of 205		 72.2 /100 2024
33rd of 205
Voice and accountability 81.6 /100 2024
15th of 205		 76.6 /100 2024
29th of 205
Political stability 77.8 /100 2024
59th of 207		 76.5 /100 2024
65th of 207

Environment

Indicator Estonia Latvia
CO₂ per capita 7.76 t 2024
175th of 202		 3.65 t 2024
125th of 202
Fossil CO₂ emissions 8.3 Mt 2024
117th of 204		 6.5 Mt 2024
128th of 204
Share of global CO₂ 0.02 % 2024
117th of 204		 0.02 % 2024
128th of 204
Cumulative CO₂ 1.7 Gt 2024
74th of 204		 1.0 Gt 2024
82nd of 204
GHG per capita 10.30 t 2024
173rd of 202		 6.24 t 2024
142nd of 202
Renewable energy 38.0 % 2021
64th of 211		 44.0 % 2021
55th of 211
Forest area 57.1 % 2023
33rd of 212		 55.0 % 2023
39th of 212
PM2.5 exposure 5.9 µg/m³ 2023
19th of 200		 13.0 µg/m³ 2023
66th of 200
Water stress 13.0 % 2022
98th of 176		 1.0 % 2022
16th of 176
Land area 42,730 km² 2023
130th of 214		 62,230 km² 2023
122nd of 214

Energy

Indicator Estonia Latvia
Renewable electricity 59.8 % 2025
59th of 190		 73.5 % 2025
39th of 190
Wind and solar 37.5 % 2025
16th of 190		 16.7 % 2025
56th of 190
Nuclear power 0.0 % 2025
71st of 180		 0.0 % 2025
110th of 180
Low-carbon electricity 59.8 % 2025
70th of 190		 73.5 % 2025
49th of 190
Fossil electricity 40.2 % 2025
70th of 190		 26.5 % 2025
49th of 190
Coal power 0.0 % 2025
34th of 188		 0.0 % 2025
63rd of 188
Carbon intensity of power 319 g/kWh 2025
76th of 190		 135 g/kWh 2025
37th of 190
Electricity per capita 6.58 MWh 2025
36th of 191		 4.11 MWh 2025
73rd of 191

Sources: World Bank (World Development Indicators, Worldwide Governance Indicators), ILO modelled estimates, FAO (FAOSTAT), UNDP (Human Development Report), UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics Database, Ember (electricity), the Global Carbon Project (CO₂) and the UN World Population Prospects and World Urbanization Prospects, under CC BY 4.0 and CC BY 3.0 IGO. Ranks are computed by StatsNode in the latest year for which at least half of the countries have a value. Sources and licences.