How indicators relate

Pick two indicators and see whether they move together across the world. Each point is a country. The correlation coefficient measures the strength of the relationship - the closer to 1 or -1, the tighter.

What to compare

Correlation is not causation. Two numbers can rise together because one drives the other, because something else drives both, or by chance - the chart cannot tell.

Scatter plot

The strongest relationships

40 pairs from 92 indicators

Click a pair to redraw the chart above.

Horizontal axis Vertical axis Correlation Countries
GDP per capita (PPP) Output per hour 0.94 positive 168
GNI per capita Health spending per person 0.94 positive 178
Inequality-adjusted HDI Gender Inequality Index -0.93 negative 157
GDP per capita Output per hour 0.93 positive 169
Extreme poverty Internet use -0.93 negative 92
Extreme poverty Electricity access -0.93 negative 92
Human Development Index Gender Inequality Index -0.92 negative 172
GNI per capita Output per hour 0.91 positive 166
GDP per capita Health spending per person 0.91 positive 180
Life expectancy Human Development Index 0.91 positive 193
Life expectancy Inequality-adjusted HDI 0.91 positive 169
Birth rate Human Development Index -0.90 negative 193
Human Development Index Safe drinking water 0.90 positive 135
Human Development Index Internet use 0.90 positive 180
Life expectancy Infant mortality -0.89 negative 196
Birth rate Inequality-adjusted HDI -0.89 negative 169
Inequality-adjusted HDI Physicians 0.89 positive 120
Fertility rate Extreme poverty 0.88 positive 93
Birth rate Extreme poverty 0.88 positive 93
Infant mortality Inequality-adjusted HDI -0.88 negative 168
Inequality-adjusted HDI Internet use 0.88 positive 160
Under-5 mortality Maternal mortality 0.88 positive 193
Life expectancy Under-5 mortality -0.88 negative 196
Gender Inequality Index Safe drinking water -0.87 negative 122
Inequality-adjusted HDI Safe drinking water 0.87 positive 124
Agriculture Extreme poverty 0.87 positive 85
Birth rate Internet use -0.87 negative 182
Life expectancy Gender Inequality Index -0.87 negative 172
Infant mortality Human Development Index -0.87 negative 191
Inequality-adjusted HDI Animal protein supply 0.87 positive 153
Birth rate Gender Inequality Index 0.86 positive 172
Infant mortality Maternal mortality 0.86 positive 193
Fertility rate Human Development Index -0.86 negative 193
Inequality-adjusted HDI Fat supply 0.86 positive 153
Gender Inequality Index Physicians -0.86 negative 116
Jobs in agriculture Internet use -0.86 negative 166
Under-5 mortality Extreme poverty 0.86 positive 93
Birth rate Under-5 mortality 0.86 positive 196
Life expectancy Birth rate -0.86 negative 215
Human Development Index Physicians 0.86 positive 125
World Bank, UN agencies and others Sources and licences

A positive correlation means that a higher value of one indicator tends to go with a higher value of the other; a negative one, with a lower value. It is computed from the latest period of each indicator, from the countries that have both values (at least forty). It is not a ranking of interest - a tight link between two similar measures is expected, while a weak link where you would expect a strong one is often more telling.